Background and Objectives: National cancer center institute reports that male patients of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are annually increasing. This study aimed to analyze the features of the male patients with PTC. Materials and Method: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed clinical records of 170 patients who were treated for PTC in male patients between 2000 and 2010. Clinical features, size, pathologic type, extrathyroidal extension, recurrence, multiplicity, extent of surgery, and lymph node metastasis were retrospectively evaluated.Univariate and multivariate analyses of various clinical factors were performed. Results: Total 4145 patients received surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma. The number of male patients was 170 (4.1%) among them. Of170 male patients, only 16(9.4%) patients underwent the recurrence of PTC. The size of tumor, central neck node metastasis, lateral neck node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension and RAI ablation therapy were associated with recurrence(p< 0.05) in univariate analysis. However, only the extrathyroidal extension [p=0.03, Odds ratio=3.58(95% CI. 1.09~14.24)] was related to the recurrence in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Re-estimation of clinical features in male PTC patients should be concerned. The recurrence of PTC in male patients was 16(9.4%) and nearly same as the other studies. The extrathyroidal extension was revealed as an associated factor for the recurrence. Evaluation of regional or distant metastasis should be considered in patients with the extrathyroidal extension in male PTC patients during long-term follow-up.

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and the feasibility of thyroidectomy for aged (${\geq}75$ years old) thyroid cancer by reviewing postoperative morbidity and pathologic characteristics. Materials & Methods: The clinical records of patients submitted to thyroid operation between 2014 and 2015 with histopathological diagnosis of thyroid cancer were analyzed. Clinical variables included age, gender, preoperative symptom, final pathology, length of stay, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, postoperative complications, and mortality. Results: There were 30 patients aged more than 75 years old, and only one patient passed over with postoperative pneumonia. There were 8 male and 22 female patients. Half of the patients presented with symptoms such as palpable mass (33.3%), voice change (6.7%) and dyspnea (6.7%). The pathologic diagnosis was thyroid cancer in all cases. The median postoperative hospitalization time was 4 days. There was one perioperative mortality case observed in this study. Conclusion: Thyroid surgery in patients 75 years or older can be performed except extensive surgical resection. Aggressive histology and extent of surgery may be an important factor of perioperative mortality and morbidity.

Infantile myofibromatosis is a rare benign neoplasm which is usually found in males. Most cases of the infantile myofibromatosis are discovered before the age of two years and about half of cases are found at muscle, tendon, and soft tissue of head-neck region. However, it is especially uncommon that infantile myofibroma occurs at the pre-auricular area. In current case, we report a twenty two months old male patient with $2.5{\times}1.5cm$ sized pre-auricular mass at right side. It was surgically removed and histologically showed broad bundle of plump myoid spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and weakly positive smooth muscle actin expression in myoid cells. In three months of follow up, there was no recurrence.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of salivary glands. Pleomorphic adenoma can metastasis without malignant transformation. Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is equal to pleomorphic adenoma histologically yet metastasis to distant sites. Most Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma are diagnosed many years following the initial treatment. 45-year-old man was found to have an asymptomatic right submandibular mass. A right submandibular gland excision and selective neck dissection was performed and pathology confirmed metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. We report this case with a brief literature review.

Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the larynx is very rare malignancy which has well defined two distinctive pathological features, an adenocarcinoma and a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Diagnosis of ASC by endoscopic biopsy is challenging due to small amount of harvested tissue. ASC has a worse prognosis than SCC with an early lymph node metastasis and a distant dissemination. We experienced a rare case of vocal fold ASC which was initially misdiagnosed as atypical squamous cell proliferation at frozen biopsy. We reported this case with a literature review.

비인강암은 비인강상피에 발생한 암으로 경부전이 및 간, 폐, 뼈 등의 원격전이가 흔히 나타난다. 본 증례에서는 제 4기 병기를 가진 비인강암환자에서 항암 화학요법 및 방사선 치료 후 매우 드물게 후경부 및 액와 림프절 전이를 보인 환자를 보고하는 바이다. 진행된 병기를 보이는 비인강암 환자는 방사선 치료 후 피부전이가 종종 나타나는 현상이나 후경부 림프절 전이는 흔치 않다. 특히 액와 림프절 전이는 비인강암에서 거의 전이를 보이지 않으나 본 증례에서는 매우 드물게 액와 림프절 전이를 보여 보고하는 바이다.

A 65-year-old male visited hospital in the state of tracheostomal recurrence 1 year after total pharyngolaryngectomy. Extensive recurrence around stoma or paratracheal, superior mediastinal area is challenging in treatment, especially in securing airway. We performed mediastinal tracheotomy through resection of unilateral manubrium, some part of sternal side of clavicle and $1^{st}$ rib as the salvage operation for recurrent laryngeal cancer. This procedure could be risky, thus very careful patient selection is required because of a tortuous postoperative course. We would like to present the case that anterior mediastinal tracheostomy could be needed as appropriate palliative means of airway construction in the patients with recurrent laryngeal cancer with lower neck extension with literature review.

Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder. The disease entity is classified into 2 clinical subtypes, unicentric and multicentric type. Prevalence of lymphoid malignancy in multicentric CD (MCD) is very low. In this case, we report a case of 77 years old woman who developed high fever and swelling in both side of her neck. Neck lymph node biopsy revealed plasma cell hyperplasia. Patient's symptom was subsided after treatment with Dexamethasone. Three months later, multiple lymph node enlargement was developed in abdomen and neck area again. Repeated neck lymph node biopsy confirmed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient started chemotherapy.

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an extremely rare, highly aggressive malignancy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Patients with SNUC usually being asymptomatic until the tumor has extensively progressed therefore frequently present with invasion of the orbit or cranial vault. Most case series of SNUC report very poor prognosis despite aggressive multimodality therapy. We recently experienced a 78-year-old male patient diagnosed as SNUC occurred from the left sphenoid sinus with invasion to the cavernous sinus and orbital content, which was treated intranasal endoscopic debulking surgery combined with curative radiation therapy successfully, and report this case with a review of literature.

Angiokeratomas represent vascular lesions and are histologically characterized by superficial dermal vascular ectasia with overlying epidermal hyperkeratosis. Angiokeratoma circumscriptum is one of five types in the group of the angiokeratomas. The lesion is present from birth but may appear in childhood or adulthood. Angiokeratoma circumscriptum is typically hyperkeratotic papules or nodules situated unilaterally on the foot or distal aspect of the leg, but can occur elsewhere on the body. Isolated tongue involvement is very rare. We report a 12-year-old boy with angiokeratoma circumscriptum of the posterior dorsal tongue with a review of the literatures.

Schwannomas are benign neurogenic tumors arising from the peripheral nerve sheath and rare in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus. About 4% of schwannomas in the head and neck area arise in the sinonasal cavity. As unilateral nasal masses in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, schwannomas are likely to be mistaken for more common lesions such as nasal polyps or mucoceles. We recently experienced a case of schwannoma on the ethmoid sinus in a 33-year-old male which was surgically removed. Herein, we report this unusual case of schwannoma on the ethmoid sinus with a brief review of literature.

Iinflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT) is a benign chronic inflammatory mass composed of proliferative myofibroblasts. It is a space occupying lesion which could potentially covert to malignant tumor. Treatment guideline of the disease has not been established due to its rarity. We demonstrate a 60-year old male who had surgical excision for IMT of the cervical esophagus. During the follow-up period, he revealed recurrent tumor which showed sarcomatous change with distant metastasis. We reported this rare case with review of the literature.

There are various types of malignancy in eyelid, such as squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. These malignant tumors have potential of metastasis by regional lymph node drainage. The lymph node around parotid gland has been known as a common site of regional lymph node metastasis. The rarity of malignant tumors in the periorbital area makes it difficult to determine the optimal extent of treatment. We report a case of parotid metastasis after eyelid cancer operation in a 60-year-old man.

신경초종은 천천히 자라는 양성종양으로 뇌신경, 말초신경, 또는 자율신경 등 신경초세포(Schwann cells)를 포함한 신경 어디에나 발생할 수 있다. 대부분의 신경초종은 무증상이며, 악성화되는 경우는 드물다. 전체 신경초종 중 약 25%에서 45%가 두경부 영역에서 발생하지만 구강 내 발생하는 경우는 거의 없는 것으로 알려져 있다. 구강 내 신경초종의 대부분은 설부에서 발생하며 그 외 발생하는 부위로 협부점막, 구개, 구강저, 잇몸, 입술 등이 있다. 본 저자들은 최근에 경구개에 발생한 신경초종 1예를 경험하였으며, 이를 관련문헌 고찰과 더불어 보고하는 바이다.

Lung cancer is one of high mortality malignancy. It is known that skin metastasis from lung cancer is uncommon. We report a very rare case of finger tip metastasis from double primary cancer of the lung and lower lip. A 79 year-old man diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer presented with protruding solid mass in his lower lip. It showed central necrosis with purulent discharge. It had appeared rapidly growing features. Simultaneously, another solid mass accompanying painful swelling without skin lesion was found in his left middle finger tip. Both two solid masses were moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Lower lip mass was a primary cancer, while middle finger tip mass was diagnosed with clinically metastatic cancer from lung or lower lip, which means that it had double primary cancer origin.

Simultaneous second primary tumors are not uncommon in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Many studies have previously shown that oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients with simultaneous second primary tumor generally have a poor prognosis. Additionally, the choice of the optimal therapeutic modality for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients who present with simultaneous second primary tumor remains problematic. We reported a case of simultaneous squamous cell carcinomas in mouth floor and esophagus, that multidisciplinary team performed resection and reconstruction simultaneously.

Chyle fistula is one of the complications of neck dissections. Although immediate surgical repair seems to be the best choice when chyle leakage is observed during the operation, some operators can be embarrassed when chyle leakage is heavy and not controlled during surgery. In this case, chyle leakage was occurred after extensive resection of lymph nodes in left level IV, and was not controlled in any way. The clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid muscle was dissected and inferior-based muscular flap was rotated to cover the suspected region of fistula orifice. Amount of drainage was checked less than 20 ml per day in the following days, and drain tube was taken out on the 3rd postoperative days. We present the technique using the inferior based sternocleidomastoid muscle flap for intraoperative management of chyle leakage not easily controlled.

Pleomorphic adenomas is the most common tumor of parotid gland and usually located and confined in superficial lobe of parotid gland. Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to initially evaluate salivary gland lesion, but contrast-enhanced CT may sometimes fail to reveal lesions in spite of a high clinical suspicion. For this reason, ultrasonography (US) can be used as the first-line image work-up in some cases of parotid gland benign tumors. We experienced a case of a 60-year-old woman without underlying disease presenting a palpable parotid mass in which the initial CT examination was reported as 'no obvious mass detected'. However, the lesion was revealed in US and histologically confirmed as pleomorphic adenoma. The patient underwent superficial parotidectomy through modified facelift incision. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of invisible major salivary gland tumor on CT in the Korean literature.

A 37 year-old male presented with sudden right proptosis and bilateral nasal obstruction. A huge tumor was noted in bilateral nasal cavities, ethmoid sinuses and central frontal sinus on magnetic resonance imaging. Right posterior frontal sinus wall and bilateral medial orbital wall was destructed by the tumor. Complete resection of the tumor was performed via minimal invasive craniofacial resection. Histopaghologic examination revealed sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC). Cerebrospinal fluid leakage was developed after 2 days of the surgery. On the 5th day, anterior skull base was reconstructed with forearm free flap (FFF). The patient got 6000cGy of radiotherapy and survived in 27 months of follow up.