DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Mediation Effect of Anxiety and Depression Between Body Dissatisfaction and Anger Reaction in Young Adults

젊은 성인에서 신체 불만족과 분노 반응 사이의 불안과 우울의 매개 효과

  • So-Hyun Ahn (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hyun-Seung Chee (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 안소현 (충남대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실) ;
  • 지현승 (충남대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실)
  • Received : 2024.04.16
  • Accepted : 2024.06.06
  • Published : 2024.10.30

Abstract

Objective : This study aimed to identify the factors that predict anger reaction as well as investigate the mediation effect of anxiety and depression between body dissatisfaction and anger reaction. Methods : A sample of 467 young adults completed Body Shape Questionnaire-8B, Eating Disorder Inventory-2-Drive for Thinness, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Reaction Inventory to Measure to Anger. Results : The factors that were examined for their potensial ability to predict anger reaction were drive for thinness and trait anxiety. Regarding the mediation effect of anxiety and depression between body dissatisfaction and anger reaction were found to be significant, and in terms of the direct effect, depression had no indirect effect, while trait anxiety had an indirect effect. Conclusion : The findings show that body dissatisfaction can cause anger reaction either directly or indirectly through trait anxiety, and there is a need for future research targeting various clinical groups.

Keywords

References

  1. Hosseini SA, Padhy RK. Body image distortion. StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing;2023.
  2. Yarosh DB. Perception and deception: human beauty and the brain. Behav Sci 2019;9:34.
  3. Fiske L, Fallon EA, Blissmer B, Redding CA. Prevalence of body dissatisfaction among United States adults: review and recommendations for future research. Eat Behav 2014;15:357-365.
  4. Lantz EL, Gaspar ME, DiTore R, Piers AD, Schaumberg K. Conceptualizing body dissatisfaction in eating disorders within a self-discrepancy framework: a review of evidence. Eat Weight Disord 2018;23:275-291.
  5. Eck KM, Quick V, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Body dissatisfaction, eating styles, weight related behaviors, and health among young women in the United States. Nutrients 2022;14:3876.
  6. Brytek-Matera A. Body attitudes and self-representation in women with eating disorders. Research based on Edward Tory Higgins' self-discrepancy theory. Psychiatria Polska 2011;45:671-682.
  7. Mason TB, Smith KE, Engwall A, Lass A, Mead M, Sorby M, et al. Self-discrepancy theory as a transdiagnostic framework: a meta-analysis of self-discrepancy and psychopathology. Psychol Bull 2019:145:372-389.
  8. Momene J, Estevez A, Herrero M, Griffiths MD, Olave L, Iruarrizaga I. Emotional regulation and body dissatisfaction: the mediating role of anger in young adult women. Front Psychiatry 2023;14:1221513.
  9. Phillips KA, Siniscalchi JM, McElroy SL. Depression, anxiety, anger, and somatic symptoms in patients with body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatr Q 2004;75:309-320.
  10. Phillips KA. The broken mirror: understanding and treating body dysmorphic disorder. New York: Oxford university press;1996.
  11. Kim TS, Chee IS. The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Body Shape Questionnaire. Anxiety and Mood 2018;14:36-43.
  12. Lee JH, Chee IS. The reliability and validity of the Korean short version of body shape questionnaire. J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry 2016;22:180-186.
  13. Garner DM. The eating disorder inventory-2: professional manual. Florida: Psychological Assessment Resources;1991.
  14. Lee IS. Eating and dieting style of college women. Korean J Clin Psychology 1997;16:87-100.
  15. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelsohn M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-571.
  16. Lee YH, Song JY. A study of the reliability and the validity of the BDI, SDS, and MMPI-D scales. Kor J Clin Psychol 1991;10:98-113.
  17. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press;1970.
  18. Kim JT, Shin DK. A study based on the standardization of the STAI for Korea. New Medical Journal 1978;21:69-75.
  19. Evans DR, Stangeland M. Development of the reaction inventory to measure anger. Psychol Rep 1971;29:412-414.
  20. Cho YW, Kim JL, Kim SY, Wang SK, Chee IS. A Standardization of the Korean version of the reaction inventory. J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry 2009;15:130-139.
  21. Jamovi. The Jamovi Project [Computer Software]. 2021. Available online: https://www.jamovi.org.
  22. Jiotsa B, Naccache B, Duval M, Rocher B, Grall-Bronnec M. Social media use and body image disorders: association between frequency of comparing one's own physical appearance to that of people being followed on social media and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18:2880.
  23. McCabe MP, Ricciardelli LA. Body image and strategies to lose weight and increase muscle among boys and girls. Health Psychol 2003;22:39-46.
  24. Ferguson CJ, Winegard B, Winegard BM. Who is the fairest one of all? How evolution guides peer and media influences on female body dissatisfaction. Rev Genl Psychol 2011;15:11-28.
  25. DeBraganza N, Hausenblas HA. Media exposure of the ideal physique on women's body dissatisfaction and mood: the moderating effects of ethnicity. J Black Stud 2010;40:700-716.
  26. Ivezaj V, Saules KK, Hoodin F, Alschuler K, Angelella NE, Collings AS, et al. The relationship between binge eating and weight status on depression, anxiety, and body image among a diverse college sample: a focus on bi/multiracial women. Eat Behav 2010;11:18-24.
  27. Barnes M, Abhyankar P, Dimova E, Best C. Associations between body dissatisfaction and self-reported anxiety and depression in otherwise healthy men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020;15:e0229268.
  28. Dakanalis A, Timko CA, Favagrossa L, Riva G, Zanetti MA, Clerici M. Why do only a minority of men report severe levels of eating disorder symptomatology, when so many report substantial body dissatisfaction? examination of exacerbating factors. Eat Disord 2014;22:292-305.
  29. Dakanalis A, Favagrossa L, Clerici M, Prunas A, Colmegna F, Zanetti MA, et al. Body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptomatology: a latent structural equation modeling analysis of moderating variables in 18-to-28-year-old males. J Psychol 2015;149:85-112.
  30. Czegledi E, Probst M, Babusa B. Body dissatisfaction, trait anxiety and self-esteem in young men. Psihijatrija Danas 2015;47:29-41.
  31. El Ansari W, Dibba E, Stock C. Body image concerns: levels, correlates and gender differences among students in the United Kingdom. Cent Eur J Public Health 2014;22:106-117.
  32. Gillen MM. Associations between positive body image and indicators of men's and women's mental and physical health. Body Image 2015;13:67-74.
  33. Cromley T, Knatz S, Rockwell R, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Boutelle K. Relationships between body satisfaction and psychological functioning and weight-related cognitions and behaviors in overweight adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2012;50:651-653.
  34. Momene J, Estevez A, Herrero M, Griffiths MD, Olave L, Iruarrizaga I. Emotional regulation and body dissatisfaction: the mediating role of anger in young adult women. Front Psychiatry 2023;14:1221513.
  35. Edman JL, Yates A, Aruguete MS, DeBord KA. Negative emotion and disordered eating among obese college students. Eat Behav 2005;6:308-317.
  36. Yang F, Qi L, Liu S, Hu W, Cao Q , Liu Y, et al. Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors: the mediation role of smartphone addiction and depression. Nutrients 2022;14:1281.
  37. Chen G, He J, Zhang B, Fan X. Revisiting the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms in Chinese adolescents: the mediating roles of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and depression symptoms. Eat Weight Disord 2021;26:239-247.
  38. Brechan I, Kvalem IL. Relationship between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: mediating role of self-esteem and depression. Eat Behav 2015;17:49-58.
  39. Jerolon A, Perduca V, Delsedime N, Abbate-Daga G, Marzola E. Mediation models of anxiety and depression between temperament and drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2022;27:2569-2581.
  40. Koronczai B, Kokonyei G, Urban R, Kun B, Papay O, Nagygyorgy K, et al. The mediating effect of self-esteem, depression and anxiety between satisfaction with body appearance and problematic internet use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2013;39:259-265.
  41. Kang JW, Chee IS. Impact of body dissatisfaction and personality characteristics on smartphone addiction. J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry 2019;25:36-41.
  42. Wu YK, Zimmer C, Munn-Chernoff MA, Baker JH. Association between food addiction and body dissatisfaction among college students: the mediating role of eating expectancies. Eat Behav 2020;39:101441.
  43. Liu S, Hu W, Yang Y, Yang F. Body dissatisfaction and smartphone addiction: the mediation role of intrusive imagery and fear of negative evaluation. Front Psychol 2023;14:1217220.
  44. Delgado-Rodriguez R, Linares R, Moreno-Padilla M. Social network addiction symptoms and body dissatisfaction in young women: exploring the mediating role of awareness of appearance pressure and internalization of the thin ideal. J Eat Disord 2022;10:117.
  45. Wu YK, Zimmer C, Munn-Chernoff MA, Baker JH. Association between food addiction and body dissatisfaction among college students: the mediating role of eating expectancies. Eat Behav 2020;39:101441.