한국음향학회지 (The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea)

  • 제43권5호
  • /
  • Pages.517-528
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 1225-4428(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-3775(eISSN)
한국음향학회 (The Acoustical Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

실시간 학습현장의 음성 및 소음 레벨을 바탕으로 한 재실 음향특성 분석

Analysis of the acoustical conditions in active classrooms based on the speech and noise levels

  • 최영지 (강원대학교 건축공학전공)
  • Young-Ji Choi (Kangwon National University )
  • 투고 : 2024.07.16
  • 심사 : 2024.09.08
  • 발행 : 2024.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 논문에서는 국내 학교 교실에서 실시한 현장측정을 바탕으로 음향상태 결과를 제시하였다. 측정결과에는 실시간 27곳 수업현장의 음성 및 소음 레벨과 4개 학교 16곳 공실의 실내음향상태 및 차음성능결과를 포함하고 있다. 수업 중 음성 및 소음 레벨에 영향을 미치는 여러 인자를 조사하였고, 실내 음향이 재실 음향상태에 미치는 영향에 관해 분석하였다. 재실자 연령과 수업 활동 특성에 따른 영향으로 국내 초등학교의 수업 중 평균 음성 및 소음 레벨은 중·고등학교와 특수학교 보다 약 4 dBA ~ 5 dBA 높게 나타났다. 수업 활동 특성에 따른 소음 레벨값 차이는 최대 19 dBA이며, 그룹 활동을 병행한 수업에서 가장 높은 소음 레벨을 나타냈다 . 공실 및 재실 음향상태 측정결과는 국내 교실의 음향상태를 파악 가능하게 하였으며, 국내 학습공간의 특성을 반영한 음향설계기준 제정의 필요성을 강조하였다.

This paper reports the results of a recent acoustic survey conducted with the objective of providing on the acoustic conditions of school classrooms in Korea. The measurements included both occupied speech and noise levels during 27 active classes and unoccupied data on the acoustical conditions, and sound insulation performance in 16 classrooms in 4 schools. The effects various parameters on the speech and noise levels in occupied classrooms has been examined. The impact of room acoustic design on speech and noise levels in active classrooms has been also investigated. The speech and noise levels of the elementary school are approximately 4 dBA to 5 dBA higher than those of the other three schools (junior high, high, and special), likely due to the nature of activities involved in group work and the age of the students. A notable 19 dBA difference is observed between the quietest and noisiest classroom activities and the classrooms in which students were observed working in groups with discussion had the highest noise levels. Both occupied and unoccupied data have enabled the establishment of a comprehensive picture of the acoustic conditions in classrooms and have highlighted the necessity of introducing acoustic standards for improving the acoustic environment in Korean schools.

키워드

과제정보

측정에 협조해준 학교 관계자, 선생님, 학생에게 감사를 표한다. 공실 및 재실 음향측정에 도움을 준 강원대학교 건축공학과 학생들에게 감사한다. 본 연구는 한국연구재단 중견 연구지원사업의 지원을 받아 진행되었음(2021R1A2C1004449).

참고문헌

  1. ANSI/ASA 12.60-2010, Acoustical Performance Criteria, Design Requirements, and Guidelines for Schools: Part 1. Permanent Schools, 2010. 
  2. Education Funding Agency, Building Bulletin 93-Acoustic Design of Schools: Performance Standards, 2015. 
  3. AIJES S001-2020: Academic Standard and Design Guidelines for Sound Environment in School Buildings (Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, 2020). 
  4. J. S. Badley, "Speech intelligibility studies in classrooms," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 80, 846-854 (1986). 
  5. M. Hodgson, "Experimental investigation of the acoustical characteristics of university classrooms," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 1810-1819 (1999). 
  6. M. Hodgson, R. Rempel, and S. Kennedy, "Measurement and prediction of typical speech and background noise levels in university classrooms during lectures," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105, 226-233 (1999). 
  7. B. Shield and J. Dockrell, "External and internal noise surveys of London primary schools," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115, 730-738 (2004). 
  8. H. Sato and J. S. Bradley, "Evaluation of acoustical conditions for speech communication in working elementary school classrooms)," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123, 2064-2077 (2008). 
  9. J. S. Bradley and H. Sato, "The intelligibility of speech in elementary school classrooms," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123, 2078-2086 (2008). 
  10. B. Shield, R. Conetta, J. Dockrell, D. Connolly, T. Cox, and C. Mydlarz, "A survey of acoustic conditions and noise levels in secondary school classrooms in England," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 137, 177-188 (2015). 
  11. G. E. Puglish, L. C. Cantor Cutiva, L. Pavese, A. Castellana, M. Bona, S. Fasolis, V. Lolorenza, A. Carullo, A. Burdorf, F. Bronuzzi, and A. Astolfi, "Acoustic comfort in high-school classrooms for students and teachers," Energy Procedia, 78 (2015) 3096-3101. 
  12. Y. J. Choi, "Effects of occupancy on acoustical conditions in university classrooms," Appl. Acoust. 114, 36-43 (2016). 
  13. E. Sala and L. Ranrala, "Acoustics and activity noise in school classrooms in Finland," Appl. Acoust. 114, 252-259 (2016). 
  14. Y. J. Choi, "Evaluation of acoustical conditions for speech communication in active university classrooms," Appl. Acoust. 159, 107089 (2020) . 
  15. S. B. Lee, M. J. Kim, and H. S.Yang, "Characteristics of acoustic indicators evaluating speech intelligibility in Korean elementary school classrooms" (in Korean), Trans. Korean. Soc. Noise Vib. Eng. 25, 462-469 (2015). 
  16. C. J. Park, D. J. Ryu, J. Y. Kyoung, and C. H. Haan, "Analysis of the acoustic performance of classrooms in Korea" (in Korean), J. Acoust. Soc. Kr. 33, 316-325 (2014). 
  17. D. J. Ryu, C. J. Park, and C. H. Haan, "Investigation of the sound insulation performance of walls and flanking noises in classrooms using field measurements" (in Korean), J. Acoust. Soc. Kr. 36, 329-337 (2017). 
  18. Y. J. Choi, "Towards better acoustic conditions in school buildings in Korea-a need for Korean standard for classroom acoustics" (in Korean), J. Acoust. Soc. Kr. 42, 113-123 (2023). 
  19. ISO 3382-Acoustics, Measurement of the Reverberation Time of Rooms with Reference to Other Acoustical Parameters, 2003. 
  20. Bruel & Kjaer, https://www.bksv.com/en/about/history, (Last viewed, July 15, 2024). 
  21. ISO 16283-1:2014, Acoustics - Field Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements-Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation, 2014. 
  22. ISO 16283-2:2020, Acoustics - Field Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements-Part 2: Impact Sound Insulation, 2020. 
  23. Measuring Systems for Sound & Vibration, https://sinus-leipzig.de/en/produkte/software/samurai, (Last viewed, July 15, 2024). 
  24. ISO 717-1, Acoustics-Rating of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements-Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation, 1996. 
  25. ISO 717-2:2013, Acoustics - Rating of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements - Part 2: Impact Sound Insulation, 2013. 
  26. ASTM E413-10, Classification for Rating Sound Insulation, 2010. 
  27. ASTM E989-99, Standard Classification for Determination of Impact Insulation Class (IIC), 1999. 
  28. Y. J. Choi, "Effects of periodic type diffusers on classroom acoustics," Appl. Acoust. 74, 694-707 (2013). 
  29. Y. J. Choi, "Acoustic standards for schools and libraries" (in Korean), J. Acoust. Soc. Kr. Suppl. 1-37 (2023).