Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology (광물과 암석)

The Petrological Society of Korea & The Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국암석학회 & 한국광물학회)
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In situ Fractionation Due to Gas Pipe Growth in Basaltic Lava Flows

현무암질 용암류 내에서 가스 파이프 성장에 따른 원위치 분화작용

  • Soyeon Kim (Department of Earth Science, The Graduate School, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cheolwoo Chang (Volcano Specialized Research Center, Pusan National University)
  • 김소연 (부산대학교 대학원 지구과학과) ;
  • 장철우 (부산대학교 화산특화연구센터)
  • Received : 2024.08.16
  • Accepted : 2024.09.26
  • Published : 2024.09.30
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Abstract

Two kinds of basaltic outcrop consisting of vesicular gas-pipe and the host massive basalt were observed in the Taeheung-ri area of Namwon-eup, Jeju Island. This is clear evidence of the magmatic differentiation of lava flows after an eruption. Although the petrographic study revealed that both parts contained the same mineral phases such as olivine, clinopyroxene, and plagioclases with accessory alkaline feldspar, and titanite, their contents and compositions are more evolved in the vesicular gas-pipe. Its anorthite and wollastonite contents in plagioclase and clinopyroxene, respectively, are lower than those of the host massive basalt. The whole-rock XRF analysis indicates that vesicular gas-pipe had lower MgO content and higher CaO, Al2O3, P2O5, Fe2O3, Na2O, TiO2, SiO2, and K2O contents than those of the host massive basalt. Both parts of basalt are classified as tholeiite in the TAS diagram, but the former is plotted in a more differentiated area with higher SiO2 content than the latter. Large ion lithophile elements are enriched in both types of basalt, but the enrichment is more conspicuous in the former. Rare earth elements are more abundant n porous gas-pipe than in the host massive basalt. In particualr light rare earth elements are highly enriched in both types of basalt ralative to those of chondrite, indicating typical ocean island basalts (OIBs). These findings indicate that the magma differentiation possibly occurred after an eruption, which can be explained by the gas-driven filter-pressing.

제주도 남원읍 태흥리 지역의 노두에서 파이프 형태의 다공질 조직 부분을 둘러싼 치밀한 조직부를 가진 현무암이 관찰되었다. 이는 용암류가 분출 후 마그마 분화작용을 할 수 있다는 사실에 대한 증거이다. 편광현미경 관찰 시, 두 부분 다 감람석, 단사휘석, 사장석, 미량의 알칼리장석, 티탄철석 등으로 본질적으로 광물상은 동일하지만, 다공질 가스 파이프에서 더 분화된 성분과 함량을 가진다. 사장석은 다공질의 가스 파이프에서 치밀한 기질부보다 회장석 함량이 더 낮은 경향이 있었다. 단사휘석은 다공질 가스 파이프에서 치밀한 기질부보다 규회석 함량이 더 적었다. 주성분 원소를 X-선 형광 분석한 결과, 다공질 가스 파이프는 치밀한 기질부에 비해 MgO의 함량은 낮고 Al2O3, CaO, P2O5, Fe2O3, Na2O, TiO2, SiO2, K2O의 함량은 높은 값을 가진다. TAS 분류도로 분류하면, 둘 다 쏠레아이트질 현무암으로 분류되었으며 다공질 가스 파이프 형태 조직이 치밀한 기질부보다 SiO2의 함량이 높은 더 분화된 부분에 도시된다. 미량원소 중 큰이온친석원소가 둘 다 부화되어 있는데 다공질 가스 파이프에서 치밀한 기질부보다 더 많이 부화되어 있다. 희토류원소의 함량은 다공질 가스 파이프 부분에서 치밀한 기질부보다 더 많았고, 둘 다 시원운석에 비하여 경희토류 원소가 많이 부화되어 있으며 이는 전형적인 OIB 현무암을 지시한다. 결과적으로 원위치에서 마그마 분화작용이 일어남을 확인할 수 있으며, 이는 일명 가스 압축 여과 작용으로 설명할 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 기상청 기상·지진 See-At 기술개발연구사업(KMI2018-02710)의 지원으로 수행되었으며, 김소연의 석사학위논문으로 제출되었다. 야외조사와 연구에 많은 자문과 지도를 해 주신 윤성효 명예교수님과 논문에 대하여 세심하고 건설적인 지적과 의견을 주신 심사위원 및 편집위원장께 감사드립니다.

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