DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Influence of the Perception of Job Insecurity on Turnover Intention for Airline Employees: Testing the Moderated Moderation Effects of Perceived Organizational Support and Departments

항공기업 조직원의 직무불안이 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 조직지원인식과 직무의 결합된 조절 효과

  • 임미란 (대한항공 (호텔관광경영학)) ;
  • 이희찬 (세종대학교 호텔관광경영학과)
  • Received : 2024.07.19
  • Accepted : 2024.08.19
  • Published : 2024.09.30

Abstract

The purpose of the paper is to study the turnover intention of employees during the phenomenon of job insecurity. The paper examines the direct effect of job insecurity on turnover intention and the moderating role of perceived organizational support and departments in this relationship. The analysis has been done using the PROCESS macro. with the empirical data of employees of FSC(Full Service Carrier) airlines. The conclusions of this article are as follows. The paper finds that job insecurity is an antecedent to the turnover intention. This relationship is explained by perceived organizational support in detail by departs. Besides, the study establishes perceived organizational support and departs as moderator, and with high POS, strength of the relationship of job insecurity on turnover intention will be increased and varied depending on the departs. Through this findings can provide important implications as a basis for restoring organizational resilience and employee awareness, which can help in stable operation of the company.

Keywords

References

  1. IATA, "IATA economics", International Air Transport Association, 2020, 2021, Available from: https://.iata.org/economics
  2. Jeon, J. H., Sung, H. Y., Chon, S. A., and Jeong, G. H., "A study on improvement plans for flight and cabin crew fatigue management system after COVID-19 pandemic", Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics, 31(1), 2023, pp.43-56.
  3. Deveci, M., Ciftci, M. E., Akyurt, I. Z., and Gonzalez, E. D. S., "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the Turkish civil aviation industry", Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 2022, pp.93-102.
  4. Chen, C. F., and Kao, Y. L., "The antecedents and consequences of job stress of flight attendants - Evidence from Taiwan", Journal of Air Transport Management, 17(4), 2011, pp.253-255.
  5. Chen, C. F., and Chen, S. C., "Burnout and work engagement among cabin crew: Antecedents and consequences", The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 22(1), 2012, pp.41-58.
  6. Shehada, M., "Flight attendants turnover, length of service, and reasons for leaving", International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 2(2), 2015, pp.355-364.
  7. Tarasova, E. O., Stegniy, V. N., Kurbatova, L. N., Okonskaya, N. K., and Getashvili, M. A., "A study of the relation between work and family life of Russian and American flight attendants", Astra Salvensis, 6(12), 2018, pp.221-232.
  8. Keim, A. C., Landis, R. S., Pierce, C. A., and Earnest, D. R., "Why do employees worry about their jobs? A meta-analytic review of predictors of job insecurity", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(3), 2014, pp.269-290.
  9. Greenhalgh, L., and Rosenblatt, Z., "Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity", Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 1984, pp.438-448.
  10. Hellgren, J., Sverke, M., and Isaksson, K., "A two-dimensional approach to job insecurity: Consequences for employee attitudes and well-being", European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 1999, pp.179-195.
  11. De Witte, H., "Job insecurity and psychological well-being: Review of the literature and exploration of some unresolved issues", European Journal of work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 1999, pp.155-177.
  12. Probst, Tahira M., Lixin Jiang, and Wendi Benson, "Job insecurity and anticipated job loss: A primer and exploration of possible", The Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search, 2018, pp.31-53.
  13. Riana, I., Minarsari, M., and Piartini, P. S., "Implications of job insecurity on job satisfaction and intention to leave. equities", Journal of Economics and Finance, 2017, pp.206-225.
  14. Mishra, A. K., and Spreitzer, G. M., "Explaining how survivors respond to downsizing: The roles of trust, empowerment, justice, and work redesign", Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 1998, pp.567-588.
  15. Abildgaard, J. S., Nielsen, K., and Sverke, M., "Can job insecurity be managed? Evaluating an organizational-level intervention addressing the negative effects of restructuring", Work & Stress, 32(2), 2018, pp.105-123.
  16. Verma, S., and Gustafsson, A., "Investigating the emerging COVID-19 research trends in the field of business and management: A bibliometric analysis approach", Journal of Business Research, 118, 2020, pp.253-261.
  17. Sverke, M., and Hellgren, J., "The nature of job insecurity: Understanding employment uncertainty on the brink of a new millennium", Applied Psychology, 51(1), 2002, pp.23-42.
  18. Chew, Q. H., Wei, K. C., Vasoo, S., and Sim, K., "Psychological and coping responses of health care workers toward emerging infectious disease outbreaks: A rapid review and practical implications for the COVID-19 pandemic", The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(6), 2020, pp.16119.
  19. Sender, A., Arnold, A., and Staffelbach, B., "Job security as a threatened resource: Reactions to job insecurity in culturally distinct regions", The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(17), 2017, pp.2403-2429.
  20. Stynen, D., Forrier, A., Sels, L., and De Witte, H., "The relationship between qualitative job insecurity and OCB: Differences across age groups", Economic and Industrial Democracy, 36(3), 2015, pp.383-405.
  21. Vander Elst, Tinne, Hans De Witte, and Nele De Cuyper, "The job insecurity scale: A psychometric evaluation across five European countries", European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(3), 2014a, pp.364-380.
  22. Vander Elst, T., Richter, A., Sverke, M., Naswall, K., De Cuyper, N., and De Witte, H, "Threat of losing valued job features: The role of perceived control in mediating the effect of qualitative job insecurity on job strain and psychological withdrawal", Work & Stress, 28(2), 2014b, pp.143-164.
  23. Reisel, W. D., and Banai, M., "Comparison of a multidimensional and a global measure of job insecurity: Predicting job attitudes and work behaviors", Psychological Reports, 90(3), 2002, pp.913-922.
  24. Chirumbolo, A., Urbini, F., Callea, A., Lo Presti, A., and Talamo, A., "Occupations at risk and organizational well-being: An empirical test of a job insecurity integrated model", Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2017, pp.1-13.
  25. Tu, Y., Long, L., Wang, H. J., and Jiang, L., "To prevent or to promote: How regulatory focus moderates the differentiated effects of quantitative versus qualitative job insecurity on employee stress and motivation", International Journal of Stress Management, 27(2), 2019, pp.135-145.
  26. Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., and Bobko, P., "Content, cause, and consequences of job insecurity: A theory-based measure and substantive test", Academy of Management Journal, 32(4), 1989, pp.803-829.
  27. Thau, S., Aquino, K., and Wittek, R., "An extension of uncertainty management theory to the self: The relationship between justice, social comparison orientation, and antisocial work behaviors", Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 2007, pp.250-258.
  28. Handaru, A. W., Rahman, N. F., and Parimita, W., "Pengaruh job insecurity dan komitmen organisasi terhadap turnover intention pada karyawan industri manufaktur (Automotive dan Metal Part)", JRMSI-Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia, 12(1), 2021, pp.15-39.
  29. Januartha, A. A. G. A., and Adnyani, I. G. A. D., "The influence of job insecurity and job satisfaction on turnover intention in hotel employees, faculty of economics and business", Udayana University (Unud), Bali, Indonesia. Turnover Intention is the Level of Intensity of the Desire to Leave the Company, 8(2), 2019, pp.7548-7575.
  30. Arnold, H. J., and Feldman, D. C., "A multivariate analysis of the determinants of job turnover", Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 1982, pp.350-360.
  31. King, J. E., "White collar reactions to job insecurity and the role of the psychological contract: Implications for human resource management", Human Resource Management: Published in Cooperation with The School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and in Alliance with The Society of Human Resources Management, 39(1), 2000, pp.79-92.
  32. Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., Natti, J., and Happonen, M., "Organizational antecedents and outcomes of job insecurity: A longitudinal study in three organizations in Finland", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(4), 2000, pp.443-459.
  33. De Cuyper, N., and De Witte, H., "Job insecurity: Mediator or moderator of the relationship between type of contract and various outcomes", SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31(4), 2005, pp.79-86.
  34. Huang, G. H., Wellman, E., Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., and Wang, L., "Deviance and exit: The organizational costs of job insecurity and moral disengagement", Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(1), 2017, pp.26-42.
  35. Hijzen A, and Menyhert B., "Measuring labour market security and assessing its implications for individual well-being. Paris", OECD, 2016, Available from: doi: 10.1787/ 5jm58qvzd6s4-en
  36. Dess, G. G., and Shaw, J. D., "Voluntary turnover, social capital, and organizational performance", Academy of Management Review, 26(3), 2001, pp.446-456.
  37. Ajzen, I., "The theory of planned behavior", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 1991, pp.179-211.
  38. Vardaman, J. M., Taylor, S. G., Allen, D. G., Gondo, M. B., and Amis, J. M., "Translating intentions to behavior: The interaction of network structure and behavioral intentions in understanding employee turnover", Organization Science, 26(4), 2015, pp.1177-1191.
  39. Hom, P. W., Griffeth, R. W., and Sellaro, C. L., "The validity of Mobley's (1977) model of employee turnover", Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34(2), 1984, pp.141-174.
  40. Chung, E. K., Jung, Y., and Sohn, Y. W., "A moderated mediation model of job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention for airport security screeners", Safety Science, 98, 2017, pp.89-97.
  41. Takase, M., "A concept analysis of turnover intention", Implications for Nursing Management. Collegian, 17(1), 2010, pp.3-12.
  42. Chang, C. W., Tseng, S. H., and Lee, M. Y., "Exploring the relationship between workload, leadership and turnover intentions among taiwanese army personnel a research study", Advances in Management & Applied Economics, 14(4), 2024, pp.1-18.
  43. Hom, P. W., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., and Griffeth, R. W., "Reviewing employee turnover: Focusing on proximal withdrawal states and an expanded criterion", Psychological Bulletin, 138(5), 2012, pp.831-858.
  44. Lee, T. W., and Mitchell, T. R., "An alternative approach: The unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover", Academy of Management Review, 19(1), 1994, pp.51-89.
  45. Lee, S. H., Lee, T. W., and Lum, C. F., "The effects of employee services on organizational commitment and intentions to quit", Personnel Review, 37(2), 2008, pp.222-237.
  46. Allen, D. G., Weeks, K. P., and Moffitt, K. R., "Turnover intentions and voluntary turnover: the moderating roles of self-monitoring, locus of control, proactive personality, and risk aversion", Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 2005, pp.980-990.
  47. Griffeth, R. W., Hom, P. W., and Gaertner, S., "A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium", Journal of Management, 26(3), 2000, pp.463-488.
  48. Hom, P. W., and Griffeth, R. W., "Employee Turnover", South-Western College Publishing, Cincinnati OH, 1995.
  49. Mobley, W. H., Griffeth, R. W., Hand, H. H., and Meglino, B. M., "Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process", Psychological Bulletin, 86, 1979, pp.493-522.
  50. Wanberg, C. R., and Banas, J. T., "Predictors and outcomes of openness to changes in a reorganizing workplace", Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(1), 2000, pp.132-142.
  51. Rafferty, A. E., and Griffin, M. A., "Perceptions of organizational change: A stress and coping perspective", Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 2006, pp.1154.
  52. Cheng, G. H. L., and Chan, D. K. S., "Who suffers more from job insecurity? A meta analytic review", Applied Psychology, 57(2), 2008, pp.272-303.
  53. Sverke, M., Hellgren, J., and Naswall, K., "No security: A meta-analysis and review of job insecurity and its consequences", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(3), 2002, pp.242-264.
  54. Hanafiah, M., "The influence of job satisfaction and job insecurity with turnover intentions on employees of PT Buma Suaran Village", Sambaliung District, Berau Regency. eJournal Psikol, 1(3), 2014, pp.303-312.
  55. Holtom, B. C., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., and Eberly, M. B., "5 turnover and retention research: A glance at the past, a closer review of the present, and a venture into the future", The Academy of Management Annals, 2(1), 2008, pp.231-274.
  56. Arasanmi, C. N., and Krishna, A., "Employer branding: Perceived organisational support and employee retention the mediating role of organisational commitment", Industrial and Commercial Training, 51(3), 2019, pp.174-183.
  57. Eisenberger, R., Cummings, J., Armeli, S., and Lynch, P., "Perceived organizational support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction", Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(5), 1997, pp.812-820.
  58. Rhoades, L., and Eisenberger, R., "Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature", Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 2002, pp.698-714.
  59. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., and Sowa, D., "Perceived organizational support", Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 1986, pp.500-507.
  60. Levinson, H., "Reciprocation: The relationship between man and organization", Administrative Science Quarterly, 9, 1965, pp.370-390.
  61. Singh, R., "Organisational embeddedness as a moderator on the organisational support, trust and workplace deviance relationships", In Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 8(1), 2020, pp.1-17, Emerald Publishing Limited.
  62. Karatepe, O. M., and Olugbade, O. A., "The effects of work social support and career adaptability on career satisfaction and turnover intentions", Journal of Management & Organization, 23(3), 2017, pp.337-355.
  63. Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., and Rhoades, L., "Reciprocation of perceived organizational support", Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 2001, pp.42-51.
  64. Van den Bos, K., and Lind, E. A., "Uncertainty management by means of fairness judgments", In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 34, 2002, pp.1-60.
  65. Eisenberger, R., Malone, G. P., and Presson, W. D., "Optimizing perceived organizational support to enhance employee engagement", Society for Human Resource Management and Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2, 2016, pp.3-22.
  66. Blau, P. M., "Justice in social exchange", Sociological Inquiry, 34(2), 1964, pp.193.
  67. Gouldner, A. W., "The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement", American Sociological Review, 25, 1960, pp.161-178.
  68. Bal, P. M., Chiaburu, D. S., and GW, J. P., "Psychological contract breach and work performance", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2010, pp.252-273.
  69. Bohle, S. A. L., Chambel, M. J., Medina, F. M., and Cunha, B. S. D., "The role of perceived organizational support in job insecurity and performance", Revista de Administracao de Empresas, 58, 2018, pp.393-404.
  70. Meyer, J. P., and Allen, N. J., "Testing the' side-bet theory' of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerations", Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(3), 1984, pp.372-378.
  71. Neves, P., and Eisenberger, R., "Perceived organizational support and risk taking", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(2), 2014, pp.187-205.
  72. Li, J. J., Bonn, M. A., and Ye, B. H., "Hotel employee's artificial intelligence and robotics awareness and its impact on turnover intention: The moderating roles of perceived organizational support and competitive psychological climate", Tourism Management, 73, 2019, pp.172-181.
  73. Miller, J., Young, B., Mccallum, L., Rattray, J., Ramsay, P., Salisbury, L., Scott, T., Hull, A., Cole, S., Pollard, B., and Dixon, D., "'Like fighting a fire with a water pistol': A qualitative study of the work experiences of critical care nurses during the COVID 19 pandemic", Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(1), 2024, pp.237-251.
  74. Jung, H., Jung, S. Y., Lee, M. H., and Kim, M. S., "Assessing the presence of post-traumatic stress and turnover intention among nurses post-Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak: The importance of supervisor support", Workplace Health & Safety, 68(7), 2020, pp.337-345.
  75. Hayes, A. F., "Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis third edition: A regression-based approach", Ebook The Guilford Press, New York, 2022.
  76. Brockner, J., Grover, S., Reed, T. F., and Dewitt, R. L., "Layoffs, job insecurity, and survivors' work effort: Evidence of an inverted-U relationship", Academy of Management Journal, 35(2), 1992, pp.413-425.
  77. Park, S. E., and Lee, Y. M., "An empirical study on the relationships among the job insecurity, trust and job performance of survivors after the implementation of organizational downsizing", Korean Management Review, 33(2), 2004, pp.503-529.
  78. Won, Y. J., and Tak, J. G., "The effect of organizational change on job stress : the mediating role of job insecurity and moderating effects of boundaryless career attitude", Korean Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 30(4), 2017, pp.563-587.
  79. Bae, S. P., "The effect of middle leader impersonal behavior of smes on the counterproductive work behaviors of organization member-Focused on the trickle down effect and moderating effect of POS-", Industry Promotion Research, 3(1), 2018, pp.33-42.
  80. Dalton, D. R., and Todor, W. D., "Turnover, transfer, absenteeism: An interdependent perspective", Journal of Management, 19(2), 1993, pp.193-219.
  81. Han, J. H., Chung, K. Y., and Lee, G. T., "The influence of employee value proposition of flight attendants on job satisfaction and turnover intention", International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 28(3), 2014, pp.75-87.
  82. Lee, H. G., "Moderated mediation analysis with PROCESS macro", Shinyoungsa, Kyunggido: Korea, 2020.
  83. Bajrami, D. D., Terzic, A., Petrovic, M. D., Radovanovic, M., Tretiakova, T. N., and Hadoud, A, "Will we have the same employees in hospitality after all? The impact of COVID-19 on employees' work attitudes and turnover intentions", International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 2021, pp.102754.
  84. Lee, S. H., and Jeong, D. Y., "Job insecurity and turnover intention: Organizational commitment as mediator", Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 45(4), 2017, pp.529-536.
  85. Jimenez, P., Milfelner, B., Zizek, S. S., and Dunkl, A., "Moderating effects between job insecurity and intention to quit in samples of Slovene and Austrian workers", Nase Gospodarstvo/Our Economy, 63(1), 2017, pp.27-37.
  86. Gunalan, M., and Ceylan, A., "The mediating effect of organizational support between job insecurity and turnover intention in private hospitals", International Journal of Business and Management, 10(10), 2015, pp.74-86.
  87. Parzefall, M. R., and Coyle Shapiro, J. A. M., "Making sense of psychological contract breach", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26(1), 2011, pp.12-27.
  88. Sherman, D. K., and Cohen, G. L., "The psychology of self defense: Self affirmation theory", Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 2006, pp.183-242.
  89. Kinias, Z., and Sim, J., "Facilitating women's success in business: Interrupting the process of stereotype threat through affirmation of personal values", Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(11), 2016, pp.1585-1597.
  90. Allen, D. G., and Vardaman, J. M., "Recruitment and retention across cultures", Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4, 2017, pp.153-181.