Korean Journal of Acupuncture

Society for Meridian and Acupoint (경락경혈학회)
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Review of GV26 Point Locations and Indications and Anatomical Correlation of the Point

수구(水溝; GV26) 위치와 주치증의 관련성 및 해부학적 상관성 고찰

  • Minji Kim (Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jioh Son (Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Sungtae Koo (Department of Korean Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University)
  • 김민지 (부산대학교 한의학전문대학원 한의학과) ;
  • 손지오 (부산대학교 한의학전문대학원 한의학과) ;
  • 구성태 (부산대학교 한의학전문대학원 한의학과)
  • Received : 2024.08.16
  • Accepted : 2024.09.23
  • Published : 2024.09.27
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Abstract

Objectives : This study examined the historical evolution of the GV26 acupuncture point, focusing on its location, therapeutic indications, and anatomical relevance to the philtrum region. Methods : We reviewed 18 historical acupuncture texts, analyzing the descriptions of GV26's location and associated indications. Results : The location of GV26 has varied over time. Early texts like the A-B Classics of Acupuncture and Moxibustion described it at the center of the philtrum groove, while some 16th-century texts shifted it closer to the nasal cavity. However, many sources continued to emphasize the central philtrum groove as the correct location. GV26 was historically indicated for conditions such as cold-type headache, epilepsy, edema, nasal and eye symptoms, respiratory issues, post-stroke symptoms, jaundice, pestilence, mouth-related symptoms, and low back pain. Epilepsy, edema, and post-stroke facial symptoms were consistently cited across texts, while other indications varied. Cadaveric studies show that the superficial orbicularis oris muscle divides into the upper nasalis and lower labialis portions. Needling the upper third of the philtrum stimulates the thinner, closer-to-maxilla upper nasalis portion, potentially providing stronger stimulation, while needling the center targets the lower labialis portion. Conclusions : Historical variations in GV26's location reflect an evolving understanding of its anatomical and therapeutic significance. The upper third of the philtrum groove may be more effective for acute conditions requiring strong stimulation, whereas the central groove may better address a broader range of conditions. These findings highlight the importance of historical and anatomical context in optimizing GV26's clinical use.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a 2-Year Research Grant of Pusan National University.

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