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CHARACTERISTICS OF ANGBU-ILGU DURING THE REIGN OF KING SEJONG OF THE JOSEON DYNASTY

조선 세종대(世宗代) 앙부일구의 특징

  • Received : 2024.02.12
  • Accepted : 2024.07.15
  • Published : 2024.08.31
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Abstract

This study analyzes the characteristics of the Angbu-ilgu, a Korean sundial resembling a concave hemisphere, which was crafted in 1434 during the sixteenth reign of King Sejong (r. 1418-1450) of the Joseon Dynasty, although no remains of it exist today. We draw upon historical documents, such as the Sejong-Sillok (Veritable Records of King Sejong), Donggyeong-Jiji (Chorography of the Joseon Dynasty), and Yuanshi (History of the Yuan Dynasty), as well as related extant relics. The primary features of King Sejong's Angbu-ilgu were as follows. First, celestial-circumference degrees were intricately engraved along the meridian line. Second, 12 double-hours were represented by images corresponding to their respective animal divinities. Third, a plate was affixed to the end of the gnomon, which stood perpendicular to the alidade, serving as a handle, rotated along two axes, and included a pinhole. Fourth, the diameter of the hemisphere measured 414 mm, approximately 1.5-2.1 times larger than extant Angbu-ilgu relics. Finally, four pillars supporting the Angbu-ilgu were positioned at four cardinal points. In conclusion, this study holds significance for restoring the Angbu-ilgu from the era of King Sejong.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

민병희와 김상혁은 한국천문연구원 '천문우주정보 및 지식확산 사업'의 지원으로 연구를 수행하였습니다(No. 2024187000). 이기원은 2019년 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 연구를 수행하였습니다(No. 2019R1I1A3A01055211). 현존 앙부일구의 유물에 대한 자료를 제공해 주신 국립고궁박물관에 감사드립니다. 흥덕대왕 김유신 묘의 둘레석에 있는 12지 신상의 자료를 제공해 주신 성균관대학교 박물관에 감사드립니다.

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