Acknowledgement
The work was supported by the grant (23212MFDS265) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2023.
References
- Jung SY, You HJ, Kim MJ, Ko G, Lee S, Kang KS. Wnt-activating human skin organoid model of atopic dermatitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus and its protective effects by Cutibacterium acnes. iScience 2022;25:105150
- Corsini NS, Knoblich JA. Human organoids: new strategies and methods for analyzing human development and disease. Cell 2022;185:2756-2769 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.051
- Wang Y, Wang P, Qin J. Human organoids and organson-chips for addressing COVID-19 challenges. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022;9:e2105187
- Silva RJ, Tamburic S. A state-of-the-art review on the alternatives to animal testing for the safety assessment of cosmetics. Cosmetics 2022;9:90
- Wang M, Zhang L, Hao H, Yan M, Zhu Z. Applications of engineered skin tissue for cosmetic component and toxicology detection. Cell Transplant 2024;33:9636897241235464
- Deshmukh GR, Kumar KH, Reddy PV, Rao BS. In vitro skin corrosion: human skin model test - a validation study. Toxicol In Vitro 2012;26:1072-1074 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2012.04.021
- OECD. Test No. 498: in vitro phototoxicity - reconstructed human epidermis phototoxicity test method. OECD; 2023.
- OECD. Test No. 439: in vitro skin irritation: reconstructed human epidermis test method. OECD; 2021.
- OECD. Test No. 431: in vitro skin corrosion: reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) test method. OECD; 2019.
- Moniz T, Costa Lima SA, Reis S. Human skin models: from healthy to disease-mimetic systems; characteristics and applications. Br J Pharmacol 2020;177:4314-4329 https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15184
- Lee J, Koehler KR. Skin organoids: a new human model for developmental and translational research. Exp Dermatol 2021;30:613-620
- Lee J, Rabbani CC, Gao H, et al. Hair-bearing human skin generated entirely from pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2020;582:399-404 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2352-3
- Kim J, Koo BK, Knoblich JA. Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020;21:571-584 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-020-0259-3
- Clevers H. Modeling development and disease with organoids. Cell 2016;165:1586-1597 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.082
- Fujii M, Sato T. Somatic cell-derived organoids as prototypes of human epithelial tissues and diseases. Nat Mater 2021;20:156-169
- Sato T, Vries RG, Snippert HJ, et al. Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche. Nature 2009;459:262-265 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07935
- Wang Y, Lin H, Zhao L, et al. Standard: human intestinal organoids. Cell Regen 2023;12:23
- Sun H, Zhang YX, Li YM. Generation of skin organoids: potential opportunities and challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:709824
- Ganesh K, Wu C, O'Rourke KP, et al. A rectal cancer organoid platform to study individual responses to chemoradiation. Nat Med 2019;25:1607-1614 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0584-2
- de Jongh D, Massey EK; VANGUARD consortium; Bunnik EM. Organoids: a systematic review of ethical issues. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022;13:337
- Geraghty RJ, Capes-Davis A, Davis JM, et al. Guidelines for the use of cell lines in biomedical research. Br J Cancer 2014;111:1021-1046
- Sullivan S, Stacey GN, Akazawa C, et al. Quality control guidelines for clinical-grade human induced pluripotent stem cell lines. Regen Med 2018;13:859-866 https://doi.org/10.2217/rme-2018-0095
- Steeg R, Mueller SC, Mah N, et al. EBiSC best practice: how to ensure optimal generation, qualification, and distribution of iPSC lines. Stem Cell Reports 2021;16:1853-1867 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.07.009
- Rohani L, Johnson AA, Naghsh P, Rancourt DE, Ulrich H, Holland H. Concise review: molecular cytogenetics and quality control: clinical guardians for pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018;7:867-875 https://doi.org/10.1002/sctm.18-0087
- Yin X, Mead BE, Safaee H, Langer R, Karp JM, Levy O. Engineering stem cell organoids. Cell Stem Cell 2016;18:25-38 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2015.12.005
- Shang Z, Feng H, Xia L. The suppression effects of fat mass and obesity associated gene on the hair follicle-derived neural crest stem cells differentiating into melanocyte by N6-methyladenosine modifying microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Int J Stem Cells 2023;16:135-144 https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc22106
- Zhao Z, Chen X, Dowbaj AM, et al. Organoids. Nat Rev Methods Primers 2022;2:94
- Kim Y, Ju JH. Generation of 3D skin organoid from cord blood-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. J Vis Exp 2019;(146):e59297
- Posch W, Lass-Florl C, Wilflingseder D. Generation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells from whole blood. J Vis Exp 2016;(118):54968
- Sachamitr P, Leishman AJ, Davies TJ, Fairchild PJ. Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into dendritic cells displaying tolerogenic properties and resembling the CD141+ subset. Front Immunol 2018;8:1935
- Yousef H, Alhajj M, Sharma S. Anatomy, skin (integument), epidermis. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2024.
- Caloni F, De Angelis I, Hartung T. Replacement of animal testing by integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA): a call for in vivitrosi. Arch Toxicol 2022;96:1935-1950 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-022-03299-x
- Gadarowska D, Kalka J, Daniel-Wojcik A, Mrzyk I. Alternative methods for skin-sensitization assessment. Toxics 2022;10:740
- Everett JS, Sommers MS. Skin viscoelasticity: physiologic mechanisms, measurement issues, and application to nursing science. Biol Res Nurs 2013;15:338-346 https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800411434151
- Furbo S, Urbano PCM, Raskov HH, Troelsen JT, Kanstrup Fiehn AM, Gogenur I. Use of patient-derived organoids as a treatment selection model for colorectal cancer: a narrative review. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14:1069
- Han J, Kim S, Lee SH, et al. Me-too validation study for in vitro skin irritation test with a reconstructed human epidermis model, KeraSkinTM for OECD test guideline 439. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020;117:104725
- OECD. Test No. 429: skin sensitisation: local lymph node assay. OECD; 2010.
- OECD. Test No. 442A: skin sensitization: local lymph node assay: DA. OECD; 2010.
- OECD. Test No. 442B: skin sensitization: local lymph node assay: BrdU-ELISA or -FCM. OECD; 2018.