지적과 국토정보 (Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX)

  • 제54권1호
  • /
  • Pages.49-61
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  • 2024
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  • 2508-3384(pISSN)
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  • 2508-3392(eISSN)
한국국토정보공사 공간정보연구원 (LX Spatial Information Research Institute)
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2SFCA를 활용한 노인과 소아청소년에 대한 병원 접근성 분석: 강원도 춘천시를 사례로

Measuring Spatial Accessibility to the Hospitals for Infants, Children, Adolescents, and Elderly Population Using 2SFCA: A Case Study of Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do

  • 정난주 (경희대학교 지리학과 ) ;
  • 강전영 (경희대학교 지리학과 )
  • Jung, Nan-Ju (Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kang, Jeon-Young (Department of Geography, Kyung Hee University)
  • 투고 : 2024.05.03
  • 심사 : 2024.06.24
  • 발행 : 2024.06.30
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초록

현재 우리나라는 전체 인구 감소와 더불어 수도권 집중 현상과 지역개발정책의 불균형으로 인한 지방 소멸이 한국 사회의 주요 문제로 대두되고 있다. 인구 피라미드의 형태가 급변하는 데에 반해 주민의 생활이나 도시기능 유지에 필수적인 물리적 요소인 기반 시설은 변화의 속도를 따라가지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 특히 종합의료시설은 국민의 생활 편익에 밀접하게 연관되어 있어 지역적으로 유연한 대처와 시설 활용 계획이 요구된다. 사회적 약자인 노인과 소아청소년의 의료 공급 부족 문제는 인구 고령화, 저출산과 맞물려 국가 사회적 차원의 문제가 될 수 있다. 이에 인구감소 지역 중 하나인 강원도의 의료 서비스 공급의 거점이 될 잠재력이 있는 춘천시 내 의료 접근성과 그 격차를 분석하고 의료취약지역을 알아보는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 강원도 춘천시의 의료 공급 수준을 알아보기 위하여 2SFCA 방법론을 사용하였다. 2SFCA는 수요량과 공급량을 위치로서 반영한다는 점에서 환자와 의료진의 공간 접근성을 파악하는 의료연구에 적합하므로 병원의 추가적 배치를 결정하는 과정에 활용할 수 있다. 2SFCA 결과로 국지적 공간 자기상관을 판단할 수 있는 이변량 LISA 분석(Local Indicators of Spatial Association)을 통해 환자 수요와 병원 및 전문의 공급을 고려한 춘천시 의료취약지도를 도출하였다. 공간적 불평등 수준을 알아보기 위하여 최종적으로는 로렌츠 곡선에 기초한 춘천시 의료 접근성에 대해 지니계수를 계산하였다. 분석 결과와 의료 취약지 선정에 기반하여 춘천 지역에서 공간 입지 접근성을 고려한 노인과 소아청소년에 대한 병원 추가 신설의 구체적 위치와 전문의 추가 배치 지역을 모색하는 데에 활용될 수 있다.

South Korea faces a declining population and rural areas vanishing due to urbanization. Infrastructure, especially medical facilities, may not be sustainable for a long-term. This may impact vulnerable groups like children, teens, and the elderly, worsened by an aging population and low birth rates. Gangwon-do, notably Chuncheon-si, suffers from rural depopulation and poor healthcare self-sufficiency. In this paper, using 2SFCA(Two-Step Floating Catchment Area), we analyze healthcare access in Chuncheon-si, identifying gaps and vulnerable areas. LISA analysis helps map medical vulnerability, considering patient demand and supply. The Gini coefficient assesses spatial inequality. We propose distributing healthcare services and personnel based on age and region. The aim is to identify locations for additional hospitals catering to the elders, Infants, Children, and Adolescents,considering spatial accessibility.

키워드

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