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Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
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A Case Study on Near-Cloud Turbulence around the Mesoscale Convective System in the Korean Peninsula

한반도에서 발생한 중규모 대류계의 구름 주변 난류 발생 메커니즘 사례 연구

  • Sung-Il Yang (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Ju Heon Lee (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jung-Hoon Kim (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 양성일 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 이주헌 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 김정훈 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부)
  • Received : 2024.03.04
  • Accepted : 2024.04.15
  • Published : 2024.05.31
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Abstract

At 0843 UTC 30 May 2021, a commercial aircraft encountered severe turbulence at z = 11.5 km associated with the rapid development of Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) in the Gyeonggi Bay of Korea. To investigate the generation mechanisms of Near-Cloud Turbulence (NCT) near the MCS, Weather Research and Forecasting model was used to reproduce key features at multiple-scales with four nested domains (the finest ∆x = 0.2 km) and 112 hybrid vertical layers. Simulated subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy (SGS TKE) was located in three different regions of the MCS. First, the simulated NCT with non-zero SGS TKE at z = 11.5 km at 0835 UTC was collocated with the reported NCT. Cloud-induced flow deformation and entrainment process on the downstream of the overshooting top triggered convective instability and subsequent SGS TKE. Second, at z = 16.5 km at 0820 UTC, the localized SGS TKE was found 4 km above the overshooting cloud top. It was attributed to breaking down of vertically propagating convectively-induced gravity wave at background critical level. Lastly, SGS TKE was simulated at z = 11.5 km at 0930 UTC during the dissipating stage of MCS. Upper-level anticyclonic outflow of MCS intensified the environmental westerlies, developing strong vertical wind shear on the northeastern quadrant of the dissipating MCS. Three different generation mechanisms suggest the avoidance guidance for the possible NCT events near the entire period of the MCS in the heavy air traffic area around Incheon International Airport in Korea.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 기상청 「차세대 항공교통 지원 항공기상 기술개발(NARAE-Weather)」 (KMI2022-00310)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다. 또한, 이 연구는 2019년도 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 기초연구사업입니다(NRF-2019R1I1A2A01060035). 본 논문에 많은 지도와 아낌없는 조언을 주신 서울대학교 지구환경과학부 대기전공 백종진 교수님과 손석우 교수님께도 감사의 말씀을 드립니다.

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