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커뮤니티 기반 그룹 노래부르기 프로그램 참여가 지역사회 초기 독거노인의 삶의 질과 고독감, 우울에 미치는 효과

Beneficial Effects of Community-Based Group Singing Program on Quality of Life, Loneliness, and Depression Among Older Adults Living Alone

  • 김지현 (동아대학교 일반대학원 음악문화학과 음악치료학 전공 ) ;
  • 김지혜 (동아대학교 융합대학, 동아대학교 일반대학원 음악문화학과 음악치료학 전공 )
  • Kim, Ji Hyun (Music Therapy Major, Department of Musicology and Culture, Graduate School, Dong-A University) ;
  • Kim, Aimee Jeehae (Music Therapy Major, College of Interdisciplinary Studies & Department of Musicology and Culture, Graduate School, Dong-A University )
  • 투고 : 2024.10.30
  • 심사 : 2024.12.16
  • 발행 : 2024.12.31

초록

본 연구의 목적은 커뮤니티 기반 그룹 노래부르기 프로그램이 지역사회 초기 독거노인의 삶의 질, 고독감, 우울에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 지역사회 사회복지기관을 이용하는 초기 독거노인 27명을 대상으로 단일집단 사전-사후 검사 설계를 적용하여 연구를 진행하였다. 참여자들은 주 1-2회, 회기당 50분씩, 총 12회에 걸쳐 커뮤니티 기반 그룹 노래부르기 프로그램에 참여하였으며, 프로그램 참여 전후로 사전-사후 검사를 실시하여 삶의 질, 고독감, 우울을 측정하였다. 본 연구의 프로그램은 커뮤니티 음악치료의 참여적 과정 모델을 기반으로 총 3단계로 구성되었으며, 1단계는 음악공동체 참여를 통한 커뮤니티 의식의 형성, 2단계는 음악적 협력과 상호적 정서 지지를 통한 집단 애착 형성, 3단계는 음악공동체 내에서의 자기효능감과 자아실현 경험의 단계로 진행되었다. 연구 결과, 프로그램 참여 후 참여자들의 삶의 질 점수는 참여 전과 비교하여 유의하게 향상(p < .001)되었으며, 고독감(p < .001)과 우울 또한 통계적으로 유의한 감소(p = .001)가 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 초고령화 시대에 노인의 삶의 질 향상과 고독감 해소를 지원하기 위해 커뮤니티 기반 그룹 음악치료 프로그램이 긍정적 혜택을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다. 더 나아가, 본 연구는 국내 노인을 위한 커뮤니티 기반 음악치료 프로그램의 효과를 입증했다는 점에서 중요한 의의를 가진다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a community-based group singing program on the quality of life, loneliness, and depression among older adults living alone in the community. The study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design with 27 older adults who utilized community social welfare services. Participants took part in the community-based group singing program for a total of 12 sessions, each lasting 50 minutes, at a frequency of 1 to 2 times per week. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to measure changes in quality of life, loneliness, and depression. The program was structured into three stages based on the participatory process model of community music therapy. Stage 1 focused on fostering sense of community through music participation, Stage 2 aimed at developing group attachment through musical cooperation and mutual emotional support, and Stage 3 sought to enhance self-efficacy and self-actualization within the musical community. The results showed a significant improvement in the participants' quality of life scores (p < .001) and a statistically significant reduction in loneliness (p < .001) and depression levels (p = .001) after the program. These findings suggest that community-based music therapy program can be beneficial in enhancing quality of life and alleviating social isolation among older adults in an era of rapid population aging. The current study also presents evidence of the effectiveness of community-based music therapy programs for older adults in South Korea.

키워드

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