Journal of Music and Human Behavior (인간행동과 음악연구)

Korean Music Therapy Education Association (한국음악치료교육학회)
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Development of Music Therapy Protocol Applying AAC Device for Improving Communicative Behaviors of Children With Severe and Profound ASD

중도 ASD 아동의 의사소통 시도 향상을 위한 AAC 활용 단계적 음악치료 프로토콜

  • Kim, Gaeul (Independent Researcher)
  • 김가을 (독립연구자 )
  • Received : 2024.10.19
  • Accepted : 2024.11.25
  • Published : 2024.12.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a structured music therapy protocol that incorporates Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices to enhance communicative behaviors in children with severe and profound autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The developed protocol consists of four stages: optimizing attention and arousal levels, familiarizing with target vocabulary, acquiring target vocabulary through AAC, and applying communicative skills in everyday contexts. In the first stage, music serves as a multisensory medium to enhance attention and arousal, fostering motivation for communication in children with ASD. The second stage introduces target vocabulary through musical elements to facilitate familiarization with the words and support language processing. The third stage involves the use of AAC devices during music-based activities, encouraging children to express their preferences and communicate effectively. The final stage focuses on generalizing communicative skills by applying target vocabulary in real-life situations. The protocol was validated by professionals in music therapy and speech-language therapy. Its clinical applicability was further confirmed through implementation with children with ASD by music therapists who had no prior experience using AAC. The findings suggest that this protocol effectively improves communication in children with severe and profound ASD and provide therapists with practical and evidence-based strategies.

본 연구의 목적은 중도 자폐스펙트럼장애(ASD) 아동의 의사소통 시도 향상을 목표로 보완·대체의사소통(AAC)를 활용한 단계적 음악치료 프로토콜을 개발하고 적용 가능성을 평가하는 것이다. 개발된 프로토콜은 주의·각성의 최적화, 목표 어휘의 친숙화, AAC 기반 목표 어휘 습득, 의사소통 상황 적용의 네 단계로 구성되었다. 주의·각성의 최적화 단계는 음악의 다감각적 속성을 통해 자극 역치가 높은 ASD 아동의 흥미와 주의를 유도해 의사소통 동기를 증진하고자 하였고, 목표 어휘 친숙화 단계에서는 선율과 리듬을 통해 언어적 정보를 구체화하여 목표 어휘에 자연스럽게 익숙해지도록 하였다. AAC 기반 목표 어휘 습득 단계에서는 ASD 아동이 AAC를 사용하여 원하는 악기나 음악을 선택하고 자신의 의사를 표현하는 것을 목표로 하였고, 의사소통 상황에서의 적용 단계에서는 아동이 일상생활과 유사한 맥락에서 목표 어휘를 사용하여 의사소통기술을 일반화하고자 하였다. 프로토콜의 타당성은 음악치료 및 언어치료 전문가를 통해 검증하였고, 프로토콜을 음악치료사가 중도 ASD 아동에게 적용함으로써 임상 현장에서의 적용 가능성도 확인하였다. 본 프로토콜은 중도 ASD 아동의 고유한 의사소통 시도를 촉진한다는 목표에 부합하며, 치료사들이 현장에서 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 실용적인 전략을 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한, AAC를 음악치료 현장에서 효과적으로 활용하는 구체적인 방안을 제공함으로써 중도 ASD 아동을 위한 음악치료 중재의 범위를 확장하는 데 기여하였다.

Keywords

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