복식문화연구 (The Research Journal of the Costume Culture)

  • 제31권3호
  • /
  • Pages.277-295
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 1226-0401(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2383-6334(eISSN)
복식문화학회 (The Costume Culture Association)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Body Appreciation Scale-2의 노인 남녀 대상 한국어 타당성 검증 연구

The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Validation of a Korean version among older adults

  • 이민선 (건국대학교 글로컬캠퍼스 패션디자인학과)
  • Minsun Lee (Dept. of Fashion Design, Konkuk University Glocal Campus)
  • 투고 : 2023.04.20
  • 심사 : 2023.05.26
  • 발행 : 2023.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) measures the extent to which individuals feel, accept, and respond to their own bodies in a positive manner. Given the research need to explore positive body image and its associations with various sociocultural factors and related consequences among individuals with various cultural backgrounds, several studies have established the psychometric properties and factor structures of the BAS-2 in different languages and samples with different characteristics. The current study investigated the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of a Korean version of the BAS-2 in an older Korean adult population (599 older Korean adults with the average age of 70 years). Data were collected using both online and offline (paper-based) survey questionnaires. The results of exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analysis evidenced the unidimensional factor structure and measurement invariance of the Korean BAS-2 among older Korean men and women, after dropping item 1. Scalar invariance was supported across gender, and men and women did not significantly differ in observed mean scores of the Korean BAS-2. The results also supported good convergent validity and criterion validity. Incremental validity was demonstrated by predicting self-esteem over and above measures of age, BMI, subjective financial and health status, body esteem, and ageism. High internal reliability and test-retest reliability over a 2-week period were confirmed. Overall, the results of this study support the reliable use of a Korean BAS-2 to measure positive body image among older Koreans after excluding item 1.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2021S1A5A8064280).

참고문헌

  1. Aldridge, V. K., Dovey, T. M., & Wade, A. (2017). Assessing test-retest reliability of psychological measures. European Psychologist, 22(4), 207-218. doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000298 
  2. Alleva, J. M., Martijn, C., Veldhuis, J., & Tylka, T. L. (2016). A Dutch translation and validation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2: An investigation with female university students in the Netherlands. Body Image, 19, 44-48. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.08.008 
  3. Alleva, J. M., Tylka, T. L., & Kroon Van Diest, A. M. (2017). The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS): Development and psychometric evaluation in U.S. community women and men. Body Image, 23, 28-44. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.07.008 
  4. Andrew, R., Tiggemann, M., & Clark, L. (2016). Predicting body appreciation in young women: An integrated model of positive body image. Body Image, 18, 34-42. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.003 
  5. Argyrides, M. (2019). The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Translation and validation in the Greek language. The European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 8(1), 108-117. doi:10.5964/ejcop.v8i1.179 
  6. Atari, M. (2016). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in Iran. Body Image, 18, 1-4. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.006 
  7. Atari, M., Zkbari-Zardkhaneh, S., Mohammadi, L., & Soufiabadi, M. (2015). The factor structure and psychometric properties of the Persian version of Body Appreciation Scale. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(3), 62-66. doi:10.12691/ajap-3-3-3 
  8. Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2(3), 285-297. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.06.002 
  9. Bailey, K. A., Cline, L. E., & Gammage, K. L. (2016). Exploring the complexities of body image experiences in middle age and older adult women within an exercise context: The simultaneous existence of negative and positive body images. Body Image, 17, 88-99. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.007 
  10. Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(24), 3186-3191.  https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
  11. Becker, C. B., Diedrichs, P. C., Jankowski, G., & Werchan, C. (2013). I'm not just fat, I'm old: Has the study of body image overlooked "old talk"? Journal of Eating Disorders, 1, Article 6. doi:10.1186/2050-2974-1-6 
  12. Bennett, E. V., Hurd, L. C., Pritchard, E. M., Colton, T., & Crocker, P. R. E. (2020). An examination of older men's body image: How men 65 years andolder perceive, experience, and cope with their aging bodies. Body Image, 34, 27-37. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.04.005 
  13. Bodner, E., & Bergman, Y. S. (2019). The utility of a positive body image among community-dwelling older adults who perceive death to be near and fear it. Research on Aging, 41(8), 751-771. doi:10.1177%2F0164027519845115  https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0164027519845115
  14. Byrne, B. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Muthen, B. (1989). Testing for the equivalence offactor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105(3), 456-466. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.456 
  15. Cameron, E., Ward, P., Mandville-Anstey, S. A., & Coombs, A. (2019). The female aging body: A systematic review of female perspectives on aging, health, and body image. Journal of Women & Aging, 31(1), 3-17. doi:10.1080/08952841.2018.1449586 
  16. Casale, S., Prostamo, A., Giovannetti, S., & Fioravanti, G. (2021). Translation and validation of an Italian version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2. Body Image, 37, 1-5. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.01.005 
  17. Cash, T. F. (2004). Body image: Past, present, and future. Body Image, 1(1), 1-5. doi:10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00011-1 
  18. Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. (Eds.). (2002). Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York: Guilford Press.
  19. Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(3), 464-504. doi:10.1080/10705510701301834 
  20. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 
  21. Cohen, R., Fardouly, J., Newton-John, T., & Slater, A. (2019). #BoPo on Instagram: An experimental investigation of the effects of viewing body positive content on young women's mood and body image. New Media & Society, 21(7), 1546-1564. doi:10.1177/1461444819826530 
  22. Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52(4), 281-302. doi:10.1037/h0040957 
  23. Franzoi, S. L., & Koehler, V. (1998). Age and gender differences in body attitudes: A comparison of young and elderly adults. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 47(1), 1-10. doi:10.2190%2FFVG1-GE5A-8G5Y-DXCT  https://doi.org/10.2190%2FFVG1-GE5A-8G5Y-DXCT
  24. Geller, S., Handelzalts, J. E., Levy, S., Barron, D., & Swami, V. (2021). Self-compassion mediates the relationship between attachment anxiety and body appreciation in women and men: Evidence from Israel. Personality and Individual Differences, 179, Article 110912. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110912 
  25. Gongora, V. C., Licea, V. C., Mebarak Chams, M. R., & Thornborrow, T. (2020). Assessing the measurement invariance of a Latin-American Spanish translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in Mexican, Argentinean, and Colombian adolescents. Body Image, 32, 180-189. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.004 
  26. Grabe, S., Ward, L. M., & Hyde, J. S. (2008). The role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. Psychological Bulletin, 134(3), 460-476. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.460 
  27. Halliwell, E. (2013). The impact of thin idealized media images on body satisfaction: Does body appreciation protect women from negative effects? Body Image, 10(4), 509-514. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.004 
  28. Halliwell, E., Jarman, H., Tylka, T., & Slater, A. (2017). Adapting the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Children: A psychometric analysis of the BAS-2C. Body Image, 21, 97-102. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.03.005 
  29. He, J., Sun, S., Zickgraf, H. F., Lin, Z., & Fan, X. (2020). Meta-analysis of gender differences in body appreciation. Body Image, 33, 90-100. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.02.011 
  30. Hernandez, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gomez-Benito, J. (2020). International Test Commission guidelines for test adaptation: A criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390-398. doi:10.7334/psicothema2019.306 
  31. Horn, J. L., & Mcardle, J. J. (1992). A practical and theoretical guide to measurement invariance in aging research. Experimental Aging Research, 18(3), 117-144. doi:10.1080/03610739208253916 
  32. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 
  33. Janelli, L. M. (1993). Are there body image differences between older men and women? Western Journal of Nursing Research, 15(3), 327-339. doi:10.1177%2F019394599301500305  https://doi.org/10.1177%2F019394599301500305
  34. Jeon, E., & Sohn, E. (2019). The effects of parents' and peers' appearance management behaviors and criticisms about appearance on adaptive eating among female college students: The mediating role of appearance appreciation. Youth Facilities and Environment, 17(1), 17-27. 
  35. Jones, P. S., Lee, J. W., Phillips, L. R., Zhang, X. E., & Jaceldo, K. B. (2001). An adaptation of Brislin's translation model for cross-cultural research. Nursing Research, 50(5), 300-304.  https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-200109000-00008
  36. Karazsia, B. T., Murnen, S. K., & Tylka, T. L. (2017). Is body dissatisfaction changing across time? A cross-temporal meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 143(3), 293-320. doi:10.1037/bul0000081 
  37. Kertechian, S., & Swami, V. (2017). An examination of the factor structure and sex invariance of a French translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in university students. Body Image, 21, 26-29. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.02.005 
  38. Kim, E. A., & Lee, S. H. (2019). The relationship between secure adult attachment and appearance appreciation of female university students: The mediating effect of self-esteem and intuitive eating. Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, 6(1), 127-140. doi:10.20496/cpew.2019.6.2.127 
  39. Lee, M. (2022). Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Korean translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2. Body Image, 42, 11-24. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.05.004 
  40. Lee, M., & Damhorst, M. L. (2020). Women's body image throughout the adult life span: A latent growth modeling approach. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 91(3), 317-339. doi:10.1177/0091415019871206 
  41. Lee, M., & Damhorst, M. L. (2022). Women's body image throughout the adult life span: A living history approach. Journal of Women & Aging, 34(6), 810-827. doi:10.1080/08952841.2021.2015197 
  42. Lee, M., & Han, K. H. (2022). The mediating effect of positive body image in the association bet- ween attitudes toward aging and life satisfaction among older adults. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 46(6), 1023-1038. doi:10.5850/JKSCT.2022.46.6.1023 
  43. Lee, M., & Lee, H.-H. (2020). Effects of body positivity and types of expression on social media, and women's subjective body size on mood and appearance satisfaction. Fashion & Textiles Research Journal, 22(2), 170-180. doi:10.5805/SFTI.2020.22.2.170 
  44. Lee, M., & Son, E. (2015). Development and validation of the Appearance Appreciation Scale. Korean Journal of Counseling, 16(6), 199-218. doi:10.15703/kjc.16.6.201512.199 
  45. Lemoine, J. E., Konradsen, H., Jensen, A. L., Roland-Levy, C., Ny, P., Khalaf, A., & Torres, S. (2018). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 among adolescents and young adults in Danish, Portuguese, and Swedish. Body Image, 26, 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.04.004 
  46. Mahlo, L., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Yoga and positive body image: A test of the embodiment model. Body Image, 18, 135-142. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.06.008 
  47. Mendelson, B. K., Mendelson, M. J., & White, D. R. (2001). Body-Esteem Scale for adolescents and adults. Journal of Personality Assessment, 76(1), 90-106. doi:10.1207/S15327752JPA7601_6 
  48. Meneses, L., Torres, S., Miller, K. M., & Barbosa, M. R. (2019). Extending the use of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in older adults: A Portuguese validation study. Body Image, 29, 74-81. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.02.011 
  49. Myers, T. A., & Crowther, J. H. (2009). Social comparison as a predictor of body dissatisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(4), 683-698. doi:10.1037/a0016763 
  50. Namatame, H., Yashima, Y., & Sawamiya, Y. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Children (BAS-2C). Body Image, 33, 7-12. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.001 
  51. Razmus, M., & Razmus, W. (2017). Evaluating the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2. Body Image, 23, 45-49. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.07.004 
  52. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent child. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  53. Rusticus, S. A., & Hubley, A. M. (2006). Measurement invariance of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire: Can we compare across age and gender? Sex Roles, 55(11-12), 827-842. doi:10.1007/s11199-006-9135-7 
  54. Sabik, N. J. (2015). Ageism and body esteem: Associations with psychological well-being among late middle-aged African American and European American women. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 70(2), 189-199. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt080 
  55. Sechrest, L. (1963). Incremental validity: A recommendation. Educational and Psychological Mea- surement, 23(1), 153-158. doi:10.1177/001316446302300113 
  56. Seo, J.-S. (2018). Verification of the validity of BAS (Body Appreciation Scale): Targeting dancers. The Korea Journal of Sports Science, 27(4), 755-765. doi:10.35159/kjss.2018.08.27.4.755 
  57. Soulliard, Z. A., & Wal, J. S. V. (2019). Validation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 and relationships to eating behaviors and health among sexual minorities. Body Image, 31, 120-130. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.09.003 
  58. Swami, V., & Barron, D. (2019). Translation and validation of body image instruments: Challenges, good practice guidelines, and reporting recommendations for test adaptation. Body Image, 31, 204-220. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.08.014 
  59. Swami, V., Garcia, A. A., & Barron, D. (2017). Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Body Image, 22, 13-17. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.05.002 
  60. Swami, V., Hwang, C.-S., & Jung, J. (2012). Factor structure and correlates of the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale among South Korean university students. Aesthetic Surgery Journal, 32(2), 220-229. doi:10.1177/1090820X11431577 
  61. Swami, V., Khatib, N. A. M., Toh, E., Zahari, H. S., Todd, J., & Barron, D. (2019). Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Body Image, 28, 66-75. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.006 
  62. Swami, V., & Ng, S.-K. (2015). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 in university students in Hong Kong. Body Image, 15, 68-71. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.06.004 
  63. Swami, V., Stieger, S., Haubner, T., & Voracek, M. (2008). German translation and psychometric evaluation of the Body Appreciation Scale. Body Image, 5(1), 122-127. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.10.002 
  64. Swami, V., Tudorel, O., Goian, C., Barron, D., & Vintila, M. (2017). Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Romanian translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2. Body Image, 23, 61-68. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.08.001 
  65. Tiggemann, M. (2004). Body image across the adult life span: Stability and change. Body Image, 1(1), 29-41. doi:10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00002-0 
  66. Tiggemann, M. (2015). Considerations of positive body image across various social identities and special populations. Body Image, 14, 168-176. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.002 
  67. Todd, J., & Swami, V. (2020). Assessing the measurement invariance of two positive body image instruments in adults from Malaysia and the United Kingdom. Body Image, 34, 112-116. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.05.009 
  68. Tylka, T. L. (2013). Evidence for the Body Appreciation Scale's measurement equivalence/invariance between U.S. college women and men. Body Image, 10(3), 415-418. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.02.006 
  69. Tylka, T. L., & Iannantuono, A. C. (2016). Perceiving beauty in all women: Psychometric evaluation of the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale. Body Image, 17, 67-81. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.005 
  70. Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 12, 53-67. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.006 
  71. Vally, Z., D'Souza, C. G., Habeeb, H., & Bensumaidea, B. M. (2019). The factor structure and psychometric properties of an Arabic-translated version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(3), 373-377. doi:10.1111/ppc.12312 
  72. Webb, J. B., Wood-Barcalow, N. L., & Tylka, T. L. (2015). Assessing positive body image: Contemporary approaches and future directions. Body Image, 14, 130-145. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.010 
  73. 「Welfare Law for the Elderly」. (2022). Welfare Law for the Elderly § Article 1-2 (Definition). 
  74. Weston, R., & Gore, P. A. (2006). A brief guide to structural equation modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(5), 719-751. doi:10.1177%2F0011000006286345  https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0011000006286345
  75. Widaman, K. F., & Reise, S. P. (1997). Exploring the measurement invariance of psychological instruments: Applications in the substance use domain. In K. J. Bryant, M. Windle, & S. G. West (Eds.), The science of prevention: Methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse research (pp. 281-324). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 
  76. Yu, H., & Lee, M. (2019). The effects of perceived ageism and appearance satisfaction on appearance related quality of life among Korean older women. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 43(1), 112-124. doi:10.5850/JKSCT.2019.43.1.112