Acknowledgement
이 논문은 2022년도 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 기초연구사업임(NRF-20 22R1A6A3A13056950). 이 논문은 2021학년도 연세대학교 대학원혁신지원사업 대학원생 아이디어 인큐베이팅 지원 사업의 지원을 받아 수행되었음.
References
- Ahn, Y., Lim, J. Y., Hong, S. M., Lee, J., Ha, J., Choi, H. J., & Seo, Y. (2013). Enhanced piezoelectric properties of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites due to high β-phase formation in poly (vinylidene fluoride). The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 117(22), 11791-11799. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4011026
- Bairagi, S., & Ali, S. W. (2020). Investigating the role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the piezoelectric performance of a PVDF/KNN-based electrospun nanogenerator. Soft Matter, 16(20), 4876-4886. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM00438C
- Bayan, S., Bhattacharya, D., Mitra, R. K., & Ray, S. K. (2020). Self-powered flexible photodetectors based on Ag nanoparticle-loaded g-C3N4 nanosheets and PVDF hybrids: Role of plasmonic and piezoelectric effects. Nanotechnology, 31(36), 365401. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab9470
- Chang, C., Tran, V. H., Wang, J., Fuh, Y.-K., & Lin, L. (2010). Direct-write piezoelectric polymeric nanogenerator with high energy conversion efficiency. Nano Letters, 10(2), 726-731. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl9040719
- Chen, H., Li, M., Wen, X., Yang, Y., He, D., Choy, W. C. H., & Lu, H. (2019). Enhanced silver nanowire composite window electrode protected by large size graphene oxide sheets for perovskite solar cells. Nanomaterials, 9(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9020193
- Cho, H.-S., Park, S.-H., Kang, D.-H., Lee, K.-H., Kang, S.-J., Han, B.-R., Oh, J.-H., Lee, H.-D., Lee, J.-H., & Lee, J.-W. (2015). Performance evaluation of fabric sensors for movement-monitoring smart clothing: Based on the experiment on a dummy. Korean Journal of the Science of Emotion & Sensibility, 18(4), 25-34. http://journal.koses.or.kr/past/view_kiss.asp?a_key=3389796#
- De, S., Higgins, T. M., Lyons, P. E., Doherty, E. M., Nirmalraj, P. N., Blau, W. J., Boland, J. J., & Coleman, J. N. (2009). Silver nanowire networks as flexible, transparent, conducting films: Extremely high DC to optical conductivity ratios. ACS Nano, 3(7), 1767-1774. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn900348c
- Dudem, B., Kim, D. H., Bharat, L. K., & Yu, J. S. (2018). Highlyflexible piezoelectric nanogenerators with silver nanowires and barium titanate embedded composite films for mechanical energy harvesting. Applied Energy, 230, 865-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.009
- Guo, Q., Li, F., Xia, F., Gao, X., Wang, P., Hao, H., Sun, H., Liu, H., & Zhang, S. (2019). High-performance Sm-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3-based piezoceramics. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11(46), 43359-43367. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b15424
- Guo, Y., Zhang, X.-S., Wang, Y., Gong, W., Zhang, Q., Wang, H., & Brugger, J. (2018). All-fiber hybrid piezoelectricenhanced triboelectric nanogenerator for wearable gesture monitoring. Nano Energy, 48, 152-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.033
- Han, H., Nakagawa, Y., Takai, Y., Kikuchi, K., Tsuchitani, S., & Kosimoto, Y. (2012). Microstructure fabrication on a β-phase PVDF film by wet and dry etching technology. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 22(8), 085030. https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/22/8/085030
- Han, J., Kim, J. H., Choi, H. J., Kim, S. W., Sung, S. M., Kim, M. S., Choi, B. K., Paik, J. H., Lee, J. S., & Cho, Y. S. (2021). Origin of enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting in all-polymer-based core-shell nanofibers with controlled shell-thickness. Composites Part B: Engineering, 223, Article 109141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109141
- He, Y., Wang, H., Sha, Z., Boyer, C., Wang, C. H., & Zhang, J. (2022). Enhancing output performance of PVDF-HFP fiber-based nanogenerator by hybridizing silver nanowires and perovskite oxide nanocrystals. Nano Energy, 98, Article 107343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107343
- Hu, L., Kim, H. S., Lee, J. Y., Peumans, P., & Cui, Y. (2010). Scalable coating and properties of transparent, flexible, silver nanowire electrodes. ACS Nano, 4(5), 2955-2963. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1005232
- Huan, Y., Zhang, X., Song, J., Zhao, Y., Wei, T., Zhang, G., & Wang, X. (2018). High-performance piezoelectric composite nanogenerator based on Ag/(K, Na) NbO3 heterostructure. Nano Energy, 50, 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.05.012
- Jang, E., & Cho, G. (2019). The classification and investigation of smart textile sensors for wearable vital signs monitoring. Fashion & Textile Research Journal, 21(6), 697-707. https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2019.21.6.697
- Jeong, C. K., Lee, J., Han, S., Ryu, J., Hwang, G.-T., Park, D. Y., Park, J. H., Lee, S. S., Byun, M., Ko, S. H., & Lee, K. J. (2015). A hyper stretchable elastic-composite energy harvester. Advanced Materials, 27(18), 2866-2875. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201500367
- Kim, S. R., Yoo, J. H., Cho, Y., & Park, J. W. (2019). Flexible piezoelectric energy generators based on P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers. Materials Research Express, 6(8), Article 086311. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab1ee8
- Lee, H., Cho, H., Lee, E., Jang, E., & Cho, G. (2019). Fabrication of strain sensor based on graphene/polyurethane nanoweb and respiration measurement. Korean Journal of the Science of Emotion & Sensibility, 22(1), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.14695/KJSOS.2018.22.1.15
- Lee, J., Lee, I., Kim, T.-S., & Lee, J.-Y. (2013). Efficient welding of silver nanowire networks without post processing. Small, 9(17), 2887-2894. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201203142
- Li, B., Xu, C., Zheng, J., & Xu, C. (2014). Sensitivity of pressure sensors enhanced by doping silver nanowires. Sensors, 14(6), 9889-9899. https://doi.org/10.3390/s140609889
- Li, B., Zheng, J., & Xu, C. (2013, July 10-12). Silver nanowire dopant enhancing piezoelectricity of electrospun PVDF nanofiber web [Paper presentation]. Fourth International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering, Gold Coast, Australia.
- Li, J., Chen, S., Liu, W., Fu, R., Tu, S., Zhao, Y., Dong, L., Yan, B., & Gu, Y. (2019). High performance piezoelectric nanogenerators based on electrospun ZnO nanorods/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membranes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 123(18), 11378-11387. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b12410
- Luchaninov, A. G., Shil'Nikov, A. V., Shuvalov, L. A., & Malyshev, V. A. (1993). The effect of mechanical stress on the properties of electrically depolarized piezoelectric ceramics. Ferroelectrics, 145(1), 235-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/00150199308222451
- Min, S.-D., Yun, Y.-H., Lee, H.-S., Shin, H.-S., Cho, H.-K., Hwang, S.-C., & Lee, M.-H. (2010). Respiration measurement system using textile capacitive pressure sensor. The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P, 59(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.5370/KIEEP.2010.59.1.058
- Nasir, M., Matsumoto, H., Danno, T., Minagawa, M., Irisawa, T., Shioya, M., & Tanioka, A. (2006). Control of diameter, morphology, and structure of PVDF nanofiber fabricated by electrospray deposition. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 44(5), 779-786. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20737
- Pandey, R. K., Dutta, J., Brahma, S., Rao, B., & Liu, C.-P. (2021). Review on ZnO-based piezotronics and piezoelectric nanogenerators: Aspects of piezopotential and screening effect. Journal of Physics: Materials, 4(4), 044011. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7639/ac130a
- Parangusan, H., Ponnamma, D., & Al-Maadeed, M. A. A. (2018). Stretchable electrospun PVDF-HFP/Co-ZnO nanofibers as piezoelectric nanogenerators. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 754. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19082-3
- Park, S.-H., Cho, H.-S., Yang, J.-H., Yoon, D.-Y., Yoon, G.-S., & Lee, J.-H. (2013). An exploration on the piezoelectric energy harvesting clothes based on the motion analysis of the extremities. Korean Journal of the Science of Emotion & Sensibility, 16(1), 85-94.
- Qi, X., Sun, E., Zhang, R., Yang, B., Li, S., & Cao, W. (2017). Effect of Mn-doping on dielectric relaxation behavior of Pb (In1/2Nb1/2) O3-Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3) O3-PbTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics. Ceramics International, 43(18), 16819-16826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.09.079
- Ramadan, K. S., Sameoto, D., & Evoy, S. (2014). A review of piezoelectric polymers as functional materials for electromechanical transducers. Smart Materials and Structures, 23(3), 033001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/3/033001
- Ramasundaram, S., Yoon, S., Kim, K. J., & Park, C. (2008). Preferential formation of electroactive crystalline phases in poly(vinylidene fluoride)/organically modified silicate nanocomposites. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 46(20), 2173-2187. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21550
- Renxin, X., Wen, C., Jing, Z., Yueming, L., & Huajun, S. (2006). Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of 0-3 PZT/PVDF composite doped with polyaniline. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science Edition, 21(1), 84-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02861478
- Roh, J.-S. (2016). Wearable textile strain sensors. Fashion & Textile Research Journal, 18(6), 733-745. https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2016.18.6.733
- Sa-Gong, G., Safari, A., Jang, S. J., & Newnham, R. E. (1986). Poling flexible piezoelectric composites. Ferroelectrics Letters Section, 5(5), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315178608202472
- Sakamoto, W. K., Marin-Franch, P., & Das-Gupta, D. K. (2002). Characterization and application of PZT/PU and graphite doped PZT/PU composite. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 100(2-3), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-4247(02)00042-0
- Shin, S., Cha, S., & Cho, G. (2020). Fabrication of electroconductive textile based PLA nanofiber web coated with PEDOT:PSS. Fashion & Textile Research Journal, 22(2), 233-239. https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2020.22.2.233
- Siddiqui, S., Kim, D., Duy, L. T., Nguyen, M. T., Muhammad, S., Yoon, W., & Lee, N. (2015). High performance flexible lead-free nanocomposite piezoelectric nanogenerator for biomechanical energy harvesting and storage. Nano Energy, 15, 177-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.04.030
- Song, Y., Lee, E., & Lee, S. (2017). Water absorption properties and biodegradability of lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 41(3), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.5850/JKSCT.2017.41.3.517
- Sun, B., Li, X., Zhao, R., Ji, H., Qiu, J., Zhang, N., He, D., & Wang, C. (2019). Electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)- zinc oxide hierarchical composite fiber membrane as piezoelectric acoustoelectric nanogenerator. Journal of Materials Science, 54(3), 2754-2762. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2985-x
- Thakur, P., Kool, A., Hoque, N. A., Bagchi, B., Khatun, F., Biswas, P., Brahma, D., Roy, S., Banerjee, S., & Das, S. (2018). Superior performances of in situ synthesized ZnO/PVDF thin film based self-poled piezoelectric nanogenerator and self-charged photo-power bank with high durability. Nano Energy, 44, 456-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.11.065
- Tien, N. T., Trung, T. Q., Seoul, Y. G., Kim, D. I., & Lee, N.-E. (2011). Physically responsive field-effect transistors with giant electromechanical coupling induced by nanocomposite gate dielectrics. ACS Nano, 5(9), 7069-7076. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn2017827
- Wang, F., Sun, H., Guo, H., Sui, H., Wu, Q., Liu, X., & Huang, D. (2021). High performance piezoelectric nanogenerator with silver nanowires embedded in polymer matrix for mechanical energy harvesting. Ceramics International, 47 (24), 35096-35104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.09.052
- Wang, X., Song, J., Liu, J., & Wang, Z. L. (2007). Direct-current nanogenerator driven by ultrasonic waves. Science, 316(5821), 102-105. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1139366
- Wang, Z. L. (2007). Nanopiezotronics. Advanced Materials, 19(6), 889-892. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200602918
- Wang, Z. L., & Song, J. (2006). Piezoelectric nanogenerators based on zinc oxide nanowire arrays. Science, 312(5771), 242-246. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1124005
- Wu, Y., Hsu, S. L., Honeker, C., Bravet, D. J., & Williams, D. S. (2012). The role of surface charge of nucleation agents on the crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride). The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 116(24), 7379-7388. https://doi.org//10.1021/jp3043494
- Xiong, W., Liu, H., Chen, Y., Zheng, M., Zhao, Y., Kong, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Kong, X., Wang., P., & Jiang, L. (2016). Highly conductive, air-stable silver nanowire@iongel composite films toward flexible transparent electrodes. Advanced Materials, 28(33), 7167-7172. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600358
- Yang, H., Kim, J., Lee, S., & Cho, G. (2020). Fabrication of polypyrrole deposited poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber webs by dip-coating and In situ polymerization and their application to textile electrode sensors. Fashion & Textile Research Journal, 22(3), 386-398. https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2020.22.3.386
- Yu, L., & Cebe, P. (2009). Crystal polymorphism in electrospun composite nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride) with nanoclay. Polymer, 50(9), 2133-2141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2009.03.003
- Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Gui, J., Wang, X., Li, R., Liu, W., Sun, C., Zhao, X., & Guo, S. (2019). Efficient welding of silver nanowires embedded in a poly(vinylidene fluoride) film for robust wearable electronics. Advanced Materials Technologies, 4(2), Article 1800438. https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201800438