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폭음 여자대학생의 전체-세부 시지각 처리에 관한 사건관련전위 연구

An event-related potential study of global-local visual perception in female college students with binge drinking

  • 임소연 (성신여자대학교 심리학과) ;
  • 김명선 (성신여자대학교 심리학과)
  • So-yeon Lim (Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University) ;
  • Myung-Sun Kim (Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University)
  • 투고 : 2023.02.15
  • 심사 : 2023.03.14
  • 발행 : 2023.06.30

초록

폭음군은 알코올 사용 장애 환자와 유사한 인지기능의 장애를 보인다고 보고된다. 신경심리검사와 뇌 영상 기법을 사용하여 알코올 사용 장애 환자들의 시지각 기능을 조사한 선행 연구에서는 이들이 전체-세부 시지각 처리 결함을 가짐을 보고하였다. 폭음군의 전체-세부 시지각 결함에 대한 신경학적 근거가 제시되고 있으나 폭음군의 전체-세부 시지각 처리 과정을 조사한 연구는 현재까지 보고되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 폭음을 하는 여자대학생의 세부 편향적 시지각 특성을 Navon의 전체-세부 방안과 사건관련전위를 사용하여 조사하였다. 전체-세부 방안에서 자극은 세부 수준 혹은 세부 수준의 자극들로 구성된 전체 수준에서 제시되었으며, 두 수준에서 제시되는 자극은 서로 일치하거나 불일치하였다. 본 연구에 폭음군 25명과 비폭음군 25명이 참여하였다. 행동자료 분석 결과, 비폭음군과 폭음군 모두 세부 자극에 비해 전체 자극을 더 빠르고 정확하게 처리하였다. 또한, 두 집단 모두 전체불일치 조건에 비해 세부불일치 조건에서 유의하게 낮은 반응정확률과 긴 반응시간을 보였으며, 이는 전체 수준의 비목표 자극에 의해 간섭을 받았음을 의미한다. 사건관련전위의 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 비폭음군과 폭음군 모두 세부불일치 조건에 비해 전체불일치 조건에서 더 큰 N100 진폭, 세부 조건에 비해 전체 조건에서 더 큰 P150 진폭을 보였고, N200의 경우 두 집단 모두 전체 조건에 비해 세부 조건에서 더 큰 진폭, 전체불일치 조건보다 세부불일치 조건에서 더 큰 진폭을 보였다. 반면, P300의 경우 비폭음군에 비해 폭음군이 더 작은 진폭을 보였으며, 특히 세부 조건에서 더 작은 P300 진폭을 보였다. 또한, P300 진폭과 폭음 점수 사이의 부적 상관, 즉 폭음 점수가 증가할수록 P300 진폭이 감소하는 것이 관찰되었다. N100은 초기 시각 주의, P150은 시각적 특징을 기반으로 한 목표 자극의 지각 과정, N200은 갈등 모니터링 및 반응 억제, 그리고 P300은 인지적 억제 및 주의 할당 과정을 반영하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 전체-세부 방안의 세부 과제에서는 세부 수준에서 제시되는 목표 자극에 주의를 할당하는 동시에 전체 수준에서 제시되는 비목표 자극에 대한 주의는 억제하는 것이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 폭음을 하는 여자대학생이 세부 편향적 시지각 특성을 가지고 있지 않고 대신 주의를 억제하는 능력의 결함을 가지고 있을 가능성을 시사한다.

It is reported that binge drinkers show cognitive impairment similar to alcohol use disorder patients. A previous studies using neuropsychological tests and brain imaging techniques to investigate the visual perception of alcohol use disorder patients reported that they had global-local visual perception defects. Although the neurological basis for the global-local visual perception deficit in the heavy drinking group has been presented, there are no studies to date that have investigated the global-local visual perception in the heavy drinking group. This study investigated local-biased visual perception in female college students with binge drinking (BD) using event-related potentials (ERPs). Based on the scores of the Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and the Alcohol Use Questionnaire, participants were assigned into BD (n=25) and non-BD (n=25) groups. Local-global visual processing was assessed using a local-global paradigm, in which large stimuli (global level) composed of small stimuli (local level) were presented. The stimuli presented at global and local levels were either congruent or incongruent. The behavioral results exhibited that the BD and non-BD groups did not differ in terms of accuracy and response time. In terms of ERPs, the BD and non-BD groups did not show difference in N100, P150 and N200 amplitude. However, the BD group showed significantly smaller P300 amplitude than non-BD group especially in the local condition. In addition, a negative correlation between P300 amplitude and binge drinking score was observed, i.e., severer binge drinking smaller P300 amplitude. The P300 is known to reflect cognitive inhibition and attentional allocation. In the global-local paradigm, the local condition required to attend to local target while ignoring global non-target. Therefore, the present results indicate that female college students with BD do not have local-biased visual processing, instead they seem to have difficulties in inhibition of irrelevant stimuli.

키워드

참고문헌

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