Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society (천문학논총)

The Korean Astronomical Society (한국천문학회)
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STUDY ON THE RESTORATION MODEL OF JEONGNAM-ILGU, CREATED DURING THE REIGN OF KING SEJONG OF THE JOSEON DYNASTY

조선 세종대에 창제된 정남일구 복원모델 연구

  • 박지원 (충북대학교 천문우주학과) ;
  • 민병희 (충북대학교 천문우주학과) ;
  • 김상혁 (한국천문연구원) ;
  • 김용기 (충북대학교 천문우주학과)
  • Received : 2022.10.23
  • Accepted : 2023.04.14
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

Numerous Sundials were fabricated during the reign of King Sejong of the Joseon Dynasty. One among them is Jeongnam-Ilgu (the Fixing-South Sundial), where the time can be measured after setting up the suitable meridian line without a compass. We reconstructed the new Jeongnam-Ilgu model based on the records of 'Description of Making the Royal Observatory Ganui (簡儀臺記)' in the Veritable Record of King Sejong. Jeongnam-Ilgu has a summer solstice half-ring under a horizontal ring which is fixed to two pillars in the north and south, and in which a declination ring rotates around the polar axis. In our model, the polar axis matches the altitude of Hanyang (that is Seoul). There are two merits if the model is designed to install the polar axis in the way that enters both the north and south poles and rotates in them: One is that it is possible to fix the polar axis to the declination ring together with the cross-strut. The other is that a twig for hanging weights can be protruded on the North Pole. The declination ring is supposed to be 178 mm in diameter and is carved on the scale of the celestial-circumference degrees on the ring's surface, where a degree scale can be divided into four equal parts through the diagonal lines. In addition, the time's graduation that is drawn on the summer solstice half-ring makes it possible to measure the daytime throughout the year. An observational property of Jeongnam-Ilgu is that a solar image can be obtained using a pin-hole. The position cast by the solar image between hour circles makes a time measurement. We hope our study will contribute to the restoration of Jeongnam-Ilgu.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 충북대학교 충북Pro메이커센터의 지원으로 수행되었습니다. 본 연구는 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다(No. 2019R1F1A1057508). 본 연구는 한국천문연구원 '고천문 자산의 과학적 활용과 동북아 협력 연구' 과제의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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