Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
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Changes in the components of salivary exosomes due to initial periodontal therapy

  • Arisa Yamaguchi (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Yuto Tsuruya (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Kazuma Igarashi (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Zhenyu Jin (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Mizuho Yamazaki-Takai (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Hideki Takai (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Yohei Nakayama (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo) ;
  • Yorimasa Ogata (Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo)
  • Received : 2022.08.25
  • Accepted : 2022.12.12
  • Published : 2023.10.30
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Abstract

Purpose: Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are present in body fluids and contain proteins, lipids, and microRNA (miRNA). Periodontal tissue examinations assess the degree of periodontal tissue destruction according to the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and X-ray examinations. However, the accurate evaluation of the prognosis of periodontitis is limited. In this study, we collected saliva from patients before and after initial periodontal therapy (IPT) and compared changes in the clinical parameters of periodontitis with changes in the components of salivary exosomes. Methods: Saliva was collected from patients with stage III and IV periodontitis at the first visit and post-IPT. Exosomes were purified from the saliva, and total protein and RNA were extracted. Changes in expression levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, HSP70, and 6 kinds of miRNA were analyzed by western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Patients with increased C6 expression after IPT had significantly higher levels of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), miR-142, and miR-144 before and after IPT than patients with decreased C6 expression after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged CD81 expression after IPT showed significantly higher PD, CAL, and PISA before IPT than after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged TSG101 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD before IPT than after IPT. Patients with increased HSP70 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD and PISA before and after IPT than patients with unchanged HSP70 after IPT. The expression levels of miR-142, miR-144, miR-200b, and miR-223 changed with changes in the levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, and HSP70 in the salivary exosomes of periodontitis patients before and after IPT. Conclusions: The expression levels of proteins and miRNAs in salivary exosomes significantly changed after IPT in periodontitis patients, suggesting that the components of exosomes could serve as biomarkers for periodontitis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI Grands, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), No. 18K09583 and 21K09922 to HT, 18K09582 and 21K09921 to YN, 17K11994 and 20K09945 to YO, and a Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up and Early-Career Scientists, No. 19K21385 and 21K16976 to MYT.

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