Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on the Occupational Group and Essential Educational Elements of Future Seafarer Suitable for Industry 4.0

4차 산업에 적합한 미래 해기사의 직업군과 필수 교육 요소에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Sanghee (Department of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean University) ;
  • Park, Hankyu (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology) ;
  • Ha, Minjae (Division of Coast Guard Studies, Korea Maritime & Ocean University)
  • 김상희 (한국해양대학교 기관시스템공학과) ;
  • 박한규 (한국해양수산연수원) ;
  • 하민재 (한국해양대학교 해양경찰학부)
  • Received : 2022.08.31
  • Accepted : 2022.10.28
  • Published : 2022.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Recently, with the worldwide development of the fourth industry, the development of technologies for smart and eco-friendly ships is accelerating. With the emergence of autonomous vessels with complete unmanned or minimum personnel on board and eco-friendly fuel (methane, ammonia, electricity, etc.), the role of existing seafarers on board is expected to change significantly. To improve the competitiveness of seafarers in the future, predicting future seafarer occupation groups, improving the educational curriculum, and creating an educational system are necessary. In this study, eight occupational groups that seafarers may have in the future were derived through a review of earlier studies and brainstorming of maritime university students, incumbent seafarers and expert groups. A survey was conducted on the eight occupational groups using the Likert scale, and based on the results, a leading occupational group related to future seafarer was derived. The most likely occupational groups with high scores were remote control centre operators and cargo remote manager. In addition, essential educational elements to be educated first for these occupational groups were derived and presented.

최근 전세계적으로 4차산업이 발전함에 따라 스마트·친환경 선박의 기술 개발이 가속화 되고 있다. 완전 무인화 또는 최소인원이 승선하는 자율운항선박과 친환경 연료(메탄, 암모니아, 전기 등) 이용 선박이 등장하게 되면서 선박에 승선을 하고 있는 기존 해기사의 역할이 크게 변화될 것으로 예상되고 있다. 향후 해기사의 경쟁력을 향상시키기 위해서는 미래 해기사 직업군을 예측하고 그에 맞는 교육 커리큘럼 개선과 교육환경 조성이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구 검토와 해양계 대학교 재학생, 현직 해기사, 전문가의 브레인스토밍을 통해 미래에 해기사가 가질 수 있는 8개의 직업군을 도출한 후 리커트 척도를 이용하여 설문을 실시하였고, 그 결과를 바탕으로 미래 해기사 관련 유력 직업군을 도출하였다. 분류한 8개 직업군 중 가장 유력한 직업군은 자율운항선박 육상제어사, 화물(적양하) 원격 관리자로 나타났다. 또한, 이러한 직업군들과 4차산업에 우선적으로 교육해야 할 필수 교육 요소를 도출하여 제시하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2022년 해양수산부 재원으로 해양수산과학기술진흥원의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(스마트항만-자율운항선박 연계기술 개발).

References

  1. Aboul-Dahab, K. M.(2021), The Readiness of the Maritime Education for the Autonomous Shipping Operations, Digitalization in Ports & Maritime Industry.
  2. Allen, E. and C. Seaman(2007), Likert Scales and Data Analyses, Open Access Library Journal, Vol. 3, No. 8, pp. 64-65.
  3. Bachari-Lafteh, M. and A. Harati-Mokhtari(2021), Operator's skills and knowledge requirement in autonomous ships control centre, Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 74-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/25725084.2021.1949842
  4. Chang, H. J.(2019), Promissing jobs in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, MK News.
  5. Choi, Y. W.(2018), A Study on the Change of the Role of Deck Officer in Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships(MASS) by Analysis of Standards of Competence, Master Thesis of KMOU.
  6. Cicek, K., E. Akyuz, and M. Celik(2019), Future Skills Requirements Analysis in Maritime Industry, Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 158, pp. 270-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.051
  7. DNV(2021), Competence of Remote Control Centre Operators (DNV-ST-0324).
  8. Jang, H.(2014), The Comparison Study of Cluster Method Based on Likert Scale, Master Thesis of Dong-eui University.
  9. Jo, S. H. and E. D'agostini(2020), Disrupting technologies in the shipping industry: How will MASS development affect the maritime workforce in Korea, Marine Policy, Vol. 120, 104139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104139
  10. Jo, S. H., E. D'agostini and J. Kang(2020), From Seafarers to E-farers: Maritime Cadets' Perceptions Towards Seafaring Jobs in the Industry 4.0, Sustainability, Vol. 12, pp. 1-18.
  11. IMO(2018), Regulatory Scoping Exercise for the Use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS); MSC 99WP.9; IMO London, UK, 2018.
  12. Kaiser, H. F.(1974), An index of factorial simplicity, psychometrika, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
  13. Kim, K. S.(2010), Structural Equation Model Analysis, Seoul Hannarae Academy.
  14. Kline, P.(2013), Handbook of psychological testing. Routledge.
  15. Kline, R. B.(2015), Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications, Creative Education, Vol. 12, No. 9.
  16. KMI(2017), A Study on the Policy Direction of Shipping Industry in the 4th Industrial Revolution.
  17. KMOU(2020), A Study on the Necessity and Plan for the Development of the Next Generation of Seaman.
  18. KRIVET(2020), Future Marine Occupation.
  19. KVH(2018), Crew Connectivity 2018 Survey Report.
  20. Lee, C. H, G. H. Yun, and J. H. Hong(2019), A Study on the New Education and Training Scheme for Developing Seafarers in Seafarer 4.0 - Focusing on the MASS -, Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 726-734. https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2019.25.6.726
  21. Lee, S. W.(2016), 5-point, 7-point Likert scales and course Evaluation, Journal of Product Research. Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 33-40. https://doi.org/10.36345/KACST.2016.34.5.005
  22. Lim, S. J. and Y. J. Shin(2022), A Study on the Changes in Functions of Ship Officer and Manpower Training by the Introduction of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships, Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2022.46.1.1
  23. MOF(2021), A Study on the Development of Marine Fisheries during the 4th Industrial Revolution.
  24. Noh, K. S.(2014). Statistical analysis of papers that are well known and written SPSS & AMOS 21. Seoul Hanbit Academy.
  25. Oksavik, A., H. P. Hildre, Y. Pan, I. Jenkinson, B. Kelly, D. Paraskevadakis, and R. Pyn(2020), FUTURE SKILL AND COMPETENCE NEEDS.
  26. Ryu, S. H. and J. H. Yoon(2009), The Use of Likert Scale in Community Nutrition Research: Analysis of the Articles Published in Korean Journal of Community Nutrition, Korean journal of community nutrition Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 600-607.
  27. Saha, R.(2021), Mapping competence requirements for future shore control center operators, Maritime Policy and management.
  28. WEF(2020), The Future of Jobs Report.