This is a basic study to establish marine activity criteria based on the seakeeping performance of less than 10-tons fishing vessels. These vessels account for approximately 95% of Korea's currently registered fishing vessels, and accidents and loss of life are also occurring during marine activities such as navigation, and fishing. Accordingly, the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries has set a regulation of vessel traf ic control to restrict the operation of fishing vessels when the high seas watch takes effect, but it is applied equally without criteria according to the ship ton level and wave height; therefore, many differences may exist in ship fluctuations. Because the fluctuation of the ship owing to the wave height can be a factor in marine accidents by reducing the sense of boarding and performance of equipment, the seakeeping performance must be reviewed during waves to secure safe marine activities such as navigation and fishing. However, the review for the fishing vessel of established marine activity criteria based on the seakeeping performance is insufficient. Accordingly, the seakeeping performance was evaluated for a 10-ton class (G/T 9.77 tons) fishing vessel in Korea, and the level of marine activity according to the significant wave height and ship speed was interpreted by applying the operation and survival of the established seakeeping performance criteria. The analysis results indicated that the roll of the ship exceeded the operation criteria from 0.4m and the survival criteria from 2.2m. The pitch of the ship exceeded the operation criteria from 1.7m and did not exceed the survival criteria until 3.0m. However, the rolling exceeding the survival criteria from 2.2m may not be safe. Therefore, fishing vessels with less than 10-tons can leave before the high seas watch takes effect. However, they did not satisfy the criteria for evaluating the performance of the sea in relation to marine activities. Although this study was limitedly evaluated for 10-ton fishing vessels, it is expected to be of great help in preparing marine activity criteria.
본 연구는 10톤 미만 어선의 내항성능 기반의 해양활동 기준 마련을 위한 기초 연구이다. 10톤 미만의 어선은 우리나라 등록어선의 약 95%를 차지하고 있고 항해, 조업 등의 해양활동 중에 사고와 인명손실도 많이 발생하고 있다. 이에 따라 해양수산부에서는 어선 출항통제기준을 정하여 풍랑주의보 발효 시 어선의 운항을 제한하고 있지만 선박톤급과 파고에 따른 기준 없이 동일하게 적용하고 있어 해양활동 시 파고에 의한 선박의 동요에 많은 차이가 있을 수 있다. 파고에 의한 선박의 동요는 승선감 및 장비의 성능을 떨어뜨려 해양사고의 요인이 될 수 있으므로 항해, 조업 등 안전한 해양활동 확보를 위해서 파랑 중 내항성능 검토가 필요하다. 하지만 어선에 대한 내항성능 기반 기준 마련 검토는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 우리나라 연안조업어선 10톤급(G/T 9.77톤) 어선을 대상으로 내항성능을 평가하였고 설정된 내항성능 평가 기준의 Operation과 Survival 기준을 적용하여 유의파고와 선속에 따른 해양활동 충족 정도를 해석하였다. 해석 결과 횡동요는 유의파고 0.4m부터 Operation 기준을 초과하였고 유의파고 2.2m부터 Survival 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 종동요는 유의파고 1.7m부터 Operation 기준을 초과하였고 유의파고 3.0m까지 Survival 기준은 넘지는 않았으나 횡동요가 유의파고 2.2m부터 Survival 기준을 초과한 상태로 안전하다고 할 수 없다. 따라서 10톤 미만 어선은 풍랑주의보 발효 전까지 출항은 가능하나 해양활동 관련하여 내항성능 평가 기준에는 충족하지 못한다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 10톤급 어선을 대상으로 제한적으로 평가 되었으나 해양활동 기준 마련에 큰 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.
본 연구는 2022년 해양수산부 재원으로 해양수산과학기술진흥원의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다(해양 디지털 항로표지 정보협력시스템 개발(2/5) (20210650).
References
Bae, J. Y.(2015), A Study on Operating Limit Analysis for Small High-speed Boat, Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 784-789.https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2015.21.6.784
Crossland, P., M. J. Evans, D. Grist, M. Lowten, H. Jones, and R. S. Briger(2007), Motion-Induced Interruptions Aboard: Model Development amd Application to Ship Design, Occupational Ergonomics, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 183-199.
Gomez Rojas, Nestor Juhan de Dios(2021), Design criteria for seakeeping and stability of fishing vessels in regular waves, Chalmers University of Technology.
Jung, C. H. and G. Y. Kong(2008), Evaluation of Seakeeping Performance for Regulation of Vessel Traffic Control(I), Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 32, No. 10, pp. 785-791.https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2008.32.10.785
Kang, I. K., H. S. Kim., M. S. Kim., Y. W. Lee., J. C. Kim., H. J. Jo., and C. K. Lee(2007), Characteristics on the rolling response of a small fishing boat according to the waves and the ship's speed, J. Kor. Soc. Fish. Tech, Vol. 43(1), pp. 62-70.https://doi.org/10.3796/KSFT.2007.43.1.062
Kim, S. K., M. S. Park, and G. Y. Kong(1994), A Study on the Evaluation of Seakeeping Performance with Ship Types, Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 19-40.
Kim, Y. R., J. B. Park, J. C. Park, S. K. Park, and W. M. Lee(2019), Development of an Evaluation for Seakeeping Performance of High-speed Planning Hull using Hybrid Method, Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 200-210.https://doi.org/10.3744/SNAK.2019.56.3.200
Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal(KMST)(2021), 2020 Marine Accidents Statistics.
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries(MOF)(2017), Harbour and Fishery Design Criteria.
NORDFORSK(1987), Assessment of ship performance in a seaway. Nordic cooperative Project : Seakeeping performance of ships, Copenhagen, Denmark.
North Atlantic Treaty Organigation(NATO)(2000), Common Procedures for Seakeeping in the Ship Design Process STANG 4154, 3rd Ed.
Republic of Korea Navy(ROKN)(2004), Naval-ship design& construction criteria : Guideline for seakeeping
Tello, M., S. Ribeiro e Silva, and C. Guedes Soares(2011), Seakeeping performance of fishing vessels in irregular waves, Ocean Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 5-6, pp. 763-773.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2010.12.020
Yoo, S. R. and C. Y. Jung(2018), A Suggestion on the improvement of the Departure Control Regulation of Fishing Vessels, Journal of Korea Maritime Police Science, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 1-14.