Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회지)

Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회)
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Changes of Yield and Quality in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by Heat Treatment

폭염처리에 의한 감자의 수량성과 품질 변화

  • Lee, Gyu-Bin (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Jang-Gyu (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Young-Eun (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jung, Gun-Ho (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Do-Hee (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jo, Kwang-Ryong (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cheon, Chung-Gi (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chang, Dong Chil (Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jin, Yong-Ik (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 이규빈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 최장규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 박영은 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 정건호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 권도희 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 조광룡 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 천충기 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 장동칠 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) ;
  • 진용익 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소)
  • Received : 2022.06.03
  • Accepted : 2022.09.06
  • Published : 2022.09.30
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Abstract

Due to abnormal weather conditions caused by climate change, natural disasters and damages are gradually increasing around the world. Global climate change as accompanied by warming is projected to exert adverse impact on production of potato, which is known as cool season crop. Even though, role of potato as a food security crop is expected to increase in the future, the climate change impacts on potato and adaption strategies are not sufficiently established. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the damage pattern of potatoes due to high temperature treatment and to evaluate the response of cultivars. T he high temperature treatment (35~38℃) induced heat stress by sealing the plastic house in midsummer (July), and the quantity and quality characteristics of potatoes were compared with the control group. T otal yield, marketable yield (>80 g) and the number of tubers per plants decreased when heat treatment was performed, and statistical significance was evident. In the heat treatment, 'Jayoung' cultivar suffered a high heat damage with an 84% reduction in yield of >80 g compared to the control group. However, in Jopung cultivar, the decrease was relatively small at 26%. Tuber physiological disturbances (Secondary growth, Tuber cracking, Malformation) tended to increase in the heat stress. Under heat conditions, the tubers were elongated overall, which means that the marketability of potatoes was lowered. T he tuber firmness and dry matter content tended to decrease significantly in the heat-treated group. T herefore, the yield and quality of tubers were damaged when growing potatoes in heat conditions. T he cultivar with high heat adaptability was 'Jopung'. T his result can be used as basic data for potato growers and breeding of heat-resistant cultivars.

기후변화로 인한 이상기온 현상으로 전 세계적으로 자연재해와 피해가 점차 증가하고 있다. 이는 저온성작물로 알려진 감자 생산에 악영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 향후 식량안보작물로서의 감자의 역할은 증대될 것으로 예상되지만, 감자에 대한 기후변화의 영향과 대응책은 충분히 확립되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 폭염처리에 따른 감자의 피해 양상을 분석하고, 품종별 반응을 평가하여 이상고온 환경에 대응하는 감자의 안정 재배기술을 확립하고자 수행하였다. 폭염처리(35~37℃)는 한여름(7월) 비닐하우스를 밀폐하여 처리하였으며, 대조구와 비교하여 감자의 수량 및 품질 특성을 비교하였다. 폭염처리를 했을 때 총 수량과 상서수량 및 주당 괴경수는 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 폭염처리 시 자영 품종은 대조구에 비해 상서수량(>80g)이 84% 감소하여 고온 피해가 컸으며, 조풍 품종은 36%로 감소폭이 적었다. 괴경 생리장해(이차생장, 열개, 기형)는 폭염구에서 전반적으로 증가하는 경향이었다. 열개 발생률이 가장 적은 품종은 '조풍'이었다. 폭염처리 하에서 괴경은 길어졌는데, 이는 감자의 상품성이 낮아지는 것을 의미한다. 괴경의 경도와 건물률은 폭염 처리를 받았을 때 유의하게 낮아 지는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 폭염 조건에서 감자 재배 시 수량 감소와 품질 피해를 입으며, 폭염 적응성이 높은 품종은 '조풍'이었다. 이상의 연구 결과는 감자 재배 농가 및 내서성 품종 육종 등에 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 거라 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 신농업기후변화대응체계구축사업(과제명: 온난화 적응 벼 재배시기 재설정 및 폭염대응 콩, 감자 재배기술 개발, 과제번호: PJ01508303)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.

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