Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Korean Nuclear Society (한국원자력학회)
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A novel barium oxide-based Iraqi sand glass to attenuate the low gamma-ray energies: Fabrication, mechanical, and radiation protection capacity evaluation

  • Al-Saeedi, F.H.F. (Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology) ;
  • Sayyed, M.I. (Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University) ;
  • Kapustin, F.L. (Ural Federal University) ;
  • Al-Ghamdi, Hanan (Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University) ;
  • Kolobkova, E.V. (Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology) ;
  • Tashlykov, O.L. (Ural Federal University) ;
  • Almuqrin, Aljawhara H. (Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University) ;
  • Mahmoud, K.A. (Ural Federal University)
  • Received : 2022.01.24
  • Accepted : 2022.03.12
  • Published : 2022.08.25
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Abstract

In the present work, untreated Iraqi sand with grain sizes varied between 100 and 200 ㎛ was used to produce a colored glass sample that has shielding features against the low gamma-ray energy. Therefore, a weight of 70-60 wt % sand was mixed with 9-14 wt% B2O3, 8-10 wt% Na2O, 4-6 wt% of CaO, 3-6 wt% Al2O3, in addition to 0.3% of Co2O3. After melting and annealing the glass sample, the X-ray diffraction spectrometry was applied to affirm the amorphous phase of the fabricated glass samples. Moreover, the X-ray dispersive energy spectrometry was used to measure the chemical composition, and the MH-300A densimeter was applied to measure the fabricated sample's density. The Makishima-Makinzie model was applied to predict the mechanical properties of the fabricated glass. Besides, the Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate the fabricated glass sample's radiation shielding capacity in the low-energy region between 22.1 and 160.6 keV. Therefore, the simulated linear attenuation coefficient changed between 10.725 and 0.484 cm-1, raising the gamma-ray energy between 22.1 and 160.6 keV. Also, other shielding parameters such as a half-value layer, pure lead equivalent thickness, and buildup factors were calculated.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R28), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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