DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analyzing the Types and Causes of Korean-to-English Machine Translation Errors: Focused on Morphological and Syntactical Errors

한-영 기계번역 결과물의 오류 유형 및 원인 분석: 형태적·구문적 오류를 중심으로

  • 백지연 (서원대학교 사범대학 영어교육과) ;
  • 구혜경 (서원대학교 경영학부)
  • Received : 2022.05.31
  • Accepted : 2022.07.02
  • Published : 2022.07.31

Abstract

This study was carried out in an L2 writing class using machine translation. The aim of this study was to explore what types of errors are identified the most frequently in the Korean-to-English machine translation output and what causes those errors. The participants were seven EFL university students who completed three writing tasks throughout the semester. The findings of data analysis indicated that the most common errors were seen in sentence structure and mechanics, and those errors in the translated texts were caused by the errors in the Korean source texts.

본 연구의 목적은 기계번역을 활용한 대학교 영어쓰기 수업에서 한-영 기계번역 결과물에 나타난 형태적 및 구문적 오류 유형과 그에 대한 원인을 분석하기 위한 것이다. 한국의 EFL 대학생 7명이 연구에 참여하였으며, 그들은 한 학기동안 총 3회의 영어쓰기 과제를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 학생들이 제출한 영어쓰기 결과물 중 기계번역 결과물에 나타난 형태적 및 구문적 오류의 유형을 분석하였으며, 우리말 초고와 비교 분석을 통하여 그 원인을 찾아보고자 하였다. 분석결과, 기계번역 결과물에서 가장 많이 발생한 오류는 문장구조와 표기법 관련 오류였으며, 기계번역 결과물에서 발생한 대부분의 오류는 한국어 원문의 오류로 인하여 발생한 것으로 파악되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Y. H. Hwang, J. Y. Lee and D. J. Shin, "The Past, Present, and Future of Online Machine Translation based on Error Analysis," The Journal of Studies in Language, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 191-210, 2020. DOI: 10.18627/jslg.36.2.202008.191.
  2. Y. Kim, S. K. Choi, C. H. Kim, Y. S. Hwang, Y. A. Seo, Q. W. Kwon and Y. K. Kim, "The Trends of Machine Translation Technology and Case Study," Electronics and Telecommunications Trends, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 89-98, 2008. DOI: 10.22648/ETRI.2008.J.230109.
  3. N. S. Jeong, "A Study on the Effects of Machine Translators on College Students' Writing Proficiency and Affective Attitude," Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning, Vol. 24, No. 1. pp. 134-157, 2021. DOI: 10.15702/mall.2021.24.1.134.
  4. E. Alhaisoni, and M. Alhaysony, "An Investigation of Saudi EFL University Students' Attitudes towards the use of Google Translate," International Journal of English Language Education, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 72-82, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v5i1.10696
  5. N. Briggs, "Neural Machine Translation Tools in the Language Learning Classroom: Students' Use, Perceptions, and Analyses," Jalt CALL Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 3-24, 2018. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v14n1.221
  6. Y. Chon and D. Shin, "Direct Writing, Translated Writing, and Machine Translated Writing: A Text Level Analysis with Coh-Metrix," English Teaching, Vol. 75, No. 1, pp. 25-48, 2020.
  7. D. Y. Sun, "Application of Post-Editing in Foreign Language Teaching: Problems and Challenges," Canadian Social Science, Vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 1-5, 2017.
  8. I. Garcia, "Can machine translation help the language learner?," International Conference ICT for Language Learning, pp. 1-4, 2016.
  9. J. R. Jolley, and L. Maimone, "Free Online Machine Translation: Use and Perceptions by Spanish Students and Instructors," in A. Moeller (Ed.) Learn Language, Explore Cultures, Transform Lives (pp. 181-200). Minneapolis: 2015 Central States Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.
  10. S. M. Lee, "Korean College Students' Perceptions toward the Effectiveness of Machine Translation on L2 Revision," Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 206-225, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15702/MALL.2019.22.4.206
  11. E. O'Neill, "Measuring the Impact of Online Translation on FL Writing Scores," The IALLT Journal, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 1-39, 2016. https://doi.org/10.17161/iallt.v46i2.8560
  12. K. D. White and E. Heidrich, "Our Policies, their Text: German Language Students' Strategies with Beliefs about Web-based Machine Translation," Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 230-250, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1111/tger.10143
  13. J. Y. Baek, and K. H. Rha, "Korean College Students' Self-Directed Use of Machine Translator in an English Writing Class During the Digital Era: Is This a Crisis or a Chance?," Journal of Safety and Crisis Management, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 27-34, 2021. DOI: 10.14251/jscm.2021.6.27.
  14. S. O. Chandra and I. Yuyun, "The Use of Google Translate in EFL Essay Writing," LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 228-238, 2018. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v21i2.1539
  15. S. M. Lee, "Middle School Pre-service and In-service Teachers' Attitude toward the 4th Industry Revolution Technologies and Future Education," Studies in Foreign Language Education, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 29-57, 2020. DOI: 10.16933/sfle.2020.34.3.29.
  16. K. H. Park and J. R. Kim, "Analysis of the Usability of Machine Translators as an English Learning Tool-through Backtranslation of the as Phrase," The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 259-267, 2021. DOI: 10.5392/JKCA.2021.21.05.259.
  17. I. Garcia and M. I Pena, "Machine Translation-assisted Language Learning : Writing for Beginners," Computer Assisted Language Learning, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 471-487, 2011. DOI: 10.1080/09588221.2011.582687.
  18. S. M. Lee and N. Briggs, "Effects of Using Machine Translation to Mediate the Revision Process of Korean University Students' Academic Writing," ReCALL. Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 18-33, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344020000191
  19. A. Nino, "Exploring the Use of Online Machine Translation for Independent Language Learning," Research in Learning Technology, Vol. 28, pp. 1-32, 2020. DOI: 10.25304/rlt.v28.2402.
  20. S. C. Tsai, "Using Google Translate in EFL Drafts: A Preliminary Investigation," Computer Assisted Language Learning, Vol. 32, No. 5-6, pp. 510-526, 2019. DOI: 10.1080/09588221.2018.1527361.
  21. H. Bahri and T. Mahadi, "Google Translate as a Supplementary Tool for Learning Malay: A Case Study at University Sains Malaysia," Advances in Language and Literary Studies, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 161-167, 2016.
  22. I. H. Jo, "The Effect of Machine Translation on English Writing Instruction: Focusing on the Writing Self-efficacy and the Writing Quantity," The Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 253-279, 2018, DOI: 10.18853/jjell.2018.60.2.013.
  23. E. Y. Kim, "The Direction of Foreign Language Education Using AI Machine Translation," Journal of Linguistic Studies, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 23-42, 2021.
  24. C. S. Lee, "Stylometric Comparative Analysis of Style in Human vs. Machine Literary Translations," The Journal of Translation Studies, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 111-130, 2019. DOI: 10.15749/jts.2019.20.2.005.
  25. M. Y. Ahn, "MT Problems and its MTPE Suggestion with Regard to Structural Differences between English and Korean," The Mirae Journal of English Language and Literature, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 103-130, 2020. DOI: 10.464 9/MJELL.2020.02.25.1.103. https://doi.org/10.4649/MJELL.2020.02.25.1.103