Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology (광물과 암석)

The Petrological Society of Korea & The Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국암석학회 & 한국광물학회)
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Occurrence and Chemical Composition of Dolomite and Chlorite from Xiquegou Pb-Zn Deposit, China

중국 Xiquegou 연-아연 광상의 돌로마이트와 녹니석 산상과 화학조성

  • Yoo, Bong Chul (Critical Minerals Research Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 유봉철 (한국지질자원연구원 희소금속광상연구센터)
  • Received : 2022.05.24
  • Accepted : 2022.06.20
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

The Xiquegou Pb-Zn deposit is located at the Qingchengzi orefield which is one of the largest Pb-Zn mineralized zone in the northeast of China. The geology of this deposit consists of Archean granulite, Paleoproterozoinc migmatitic granite, Paleo-Mesoproterozoic sodic granite, Paleoproterozoic Liaohe group, Mesozoic diorite and Mesozoic monzoritic granite. The Xiquegou deposit which is a Triassic magma-hydrothermal type deposit occurs as vein ore filled fractures along fault zone in unit 3 (dolomitic marble and schist) of Dashiqiao formation of the Paleoproterozoic Liaohe group. Xiquegou Pb-Zn deposit consists of quartz, apatite, calcite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, marcasite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, stannite, galena, tetrahedrite, electrum, argentite, native silver and pyrargyrite. Wallrock alteration of this deposit contains silicification, pyritization, dolomitization, chloritization and sericitization. Based on mineral petrography and paragenesis, dolomites from this deposit are classified two type (1. dolomite (D0) as wallrock, 2. dolomite (D1) as wallrock alteration in Pb-Zn mineralization quartz vein ore). The structural formulars of dolomites are determined to be Ca1.03-1.01Mg0.95-0.83Fe0.12-0.02Mn0.02-0.00(CO3)2(D0) and Ca1.16-1.00Mg0.79-0.44Fe0.53-0.13Mn0.03-0.00As0.01-0.00(CO3)2(D1), respectively. It means that dolomites from the Xiquegou deposit have higher content of trace elements compared to the theoretical composition of dolomite. The dolomite (D1) from quartz vein ore has higher content of these trace elements (FeO, PbO, Sb2O5 and As2O5) than dolomite (D0) from wallrock. Dolomites correspond to Ferroan dolomite (D0), and ankerite and Ferroan dolomite (D1), respectively. The structural formular of chlorite from quartz vein ore is (Mg1.65-1.08Fe2.94-2.50Mn0.01-0.00Zn0.01-0.00Ni0.01-0.00Cr0.02-0.00V0.01-0.00Hf0.01-0.00Pb0.01-0.00Cu0.01-0.00As0.03-0.00Ca0.02-0.01Al1.68-1.61)5.77-5.73(Si2.84-2.76Al1.24-1.16)4.00O10(OH)8. It indicated that chlorite of quartz vein ore is similar with theoretical chlorite and corresponds to Fe-rich chlorite. Compositional variations in chlorite from quartz vein ore are caused by mainly octahedral Fe2+ <-> Mg2+ (Mn2+) substitution and partly phengitic or Tschermark substitution (Al3+,VI+Al3+,IV <-> (Fe2+ 또는 Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV).

Xiquegou 연-아연 광상은 중국 동북지역에선 가장 규모가 큰 연-아연 광화대 중의 하나인 Qingchengzi orefield에 위치한다. 이 광상의 주변지질은 시생대의 그래뉼라이트(granulite)와 이를 관입한 고원생대의 미그마타이트질 화강암과 고-중원생대의 소딕(sodic) 화강암을 부정합으로 피복한 고원생대의 Liaohe 층군 및 이들을 관입한 중생대의 섬록암과 몬조나이틱 화강암으로 구성된다. 이 광상은 고원생대의 Liaohe 층군내 Dashiqiao 층의 unit 3(돌로마이트질 대리암과 편암)내에 발달된 단층대를 따라 산출되는 맥상 광체로 트라이아스기의 마그마-열수형 광상에 해당된다. Xiquegou 연-아연 광상에서 석영, 인회석, 방해석, 황철석, 유비철석, 자류철석, 백철석, 섬아연석, 황동석, 황석석, 방연석, 사면동석, 에렉트럼, 휘은석, 자연은 및 농홍은석 등이 산출되며 모암변질로는 규화작용, 황철석화작용, 돌로마이트화작용, 녹니석화작용 및 견운모화작용 등이 관찰된다. 이 광상의 산출 광물조합 및 정출순서를 기초로, 돌로마이트는 1)모암인 돌로마이트(D0) 및 2)연-아연 광화작용에 따른 모암변질 산물인 돌로마이트(D1)로 두 유형이 확인된다. 이들 돌로마이트의 화학조성은 각각 Ca1.03-1.01Mg0.95-0.83 Fe0.12-0.02Mn0.02-0.00(CO3)2(D0) 및 Ca1.16-1.00Mg0.79-0.44Fe0.53-0.13Mn0.03-0.00As0.01-0.00(CO3)2(D1)로써 이론적인 돌로마이트의 화학조성보다 미량원소들의 함량이 높다. 특히, FeO, PbO, Sb2O5 및 As2O5 원소들은 모암변질 산물인 돌로마이트(D1)에서 높은 함량을 갖는다. 또한 이 광상의 모암에서 산출되는 돌로마이트(D0)는 Ferroan 돌로마이트에 해당되며 모암변질 산물인 돌로마이트(D1)는 철백운석 및 Ferroan 돌로마이트에 해당된다. 모암변질 산물인 녹니석의 화학조성은 (Mg1.65-1.08Fe2.94-2.50Mn0.01-0.00Zn0.01-0.00Ni0.01-0.00Cr0.02-0.00V0.01-0.00Hf0.01-0.00Pb0.01-0.00Cu0.01-0.00As0.03-0.00Ca0.02-0.01Al1.68-1.61)5.77-5.73(Si2.84-2.76Al1.24-1.16)4.00O10(OH)8로써 이론적인 녹니석과 유사하며 Fe-rich 녹니석에 해당된다. 또한 이 녹니석의 화학조성 변화는 주로 팔면체적 Fe2+ <-> Mg2+ (Mn2+) 치환과 일부 팬자이틱 또는 Tschermark 치환(Al3+,VI+Al3+,IV <-> (Fe2+ 또는 Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV)메카니즘에 의해 일어났음을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2020년 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 국가과학기술연구회 융합연구단 사업(No. CRC-15-06-KIGAM) 또는 한국지질자원연구원 융합사업인 "북한 광물자원 탐사기술 실증 및 잠재성 평가(19-8901, 20-8901)" 및 한국지질자원연구원 기본사업인 "국내 바나듐(V) 등 에너지 저장광물 정밀탐사기술 개발 및 부존량 예측(22-3211-1) 과제 지원을 받아 수행되었으며 이에 사의를 표한다. 바쁘신 와중에도 이 논문의 미비점을 지적, 수정하여 주신 편집위원장님, 김창성 박사님 및 익명의 심사위원님께 깊이 감사드립니다.

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