한국지구과학회지 (Journal of the Korean earth science society)

  • 제43권2호
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  • Pages.303-311
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  • 2022
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  • 1225-6692(pISSN)
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  • 2287-4518(eISSN)
한국지구과학회 (The Korean Earth Science Society)
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부산 하수처리장에서 공정별 용존 희토류 원소의 농도 및 인위적 기원 가돌리늄의 배출량 평가

Assessments of Dissolved Rare Earth Elements and Anthropogenic Gadolinium Concentrations in Different Processes of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Busan, Korea

  • 임이진 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부) ;
  • 류종식 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부) ;
  • 이준엽 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부) ;
  • 이준호 (부경대학교 실습선 나라호) ;
  • 조형미 (인하대학교 해양과학과) ;
  • 김태진 (부경대학교 지구환경시스템과학부)
  • Lim, Ijin (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Ryu, Jong-Sik (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Lee, Joonyeob (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Ho (Training Ship NARA, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyung-Mi (Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Taejin (Division of Earth Environmental System Science, Pukyong National University)
  • 투고 : 2022.01.17
  • 심사 : 2022.02.03
  • 발행 : 2022.04.30
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초록

자기공명영상(MRI) 장비의 조영제로 흔히 사용되는 가돌리늄(Gd)은 매우 안정된 상태로 하수처리과정에서 거의 제거되지 않고 수환경으로 유입된다고 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 세 가지의 공법으로 하수처리를 하는 부산 수영 하수처리장에서 채취한 하수 시료의 공정별 용존 희토류 원소의 제거율 및 수환경으로 배출되는 인위적 기원 Gd(Gdanth)의 배출량을 평가하고자 하였다. 용존 희토류 원소는 공정별 처리 단계에 따라 무거운 희토류 원소(Tb-Lu)에 비해 가벼운 희토류 원소(La-Eu)에서 농도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 일부 시료에서 나타난 음의(negative) Sm anomaly (<1)는 생물학적 제거 과정에서 Sm이 입자나 인산염과 흡착되어 함께 제거되었을 가능성을 시사한다. 모든 시료에서 양의(positive) Gd anomaly (149±50, n=9)를 보였으며, 공정별로 측정된 Gd의 총 농도 중 Gdanth은 약 97% 이상을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 하수처리과정에서 Gdanth 이 거의 제거되지 않고 수영강 하류로 배출된다는 것을 의미한다. 일별 처리용량을 고려하여 각 공정에서 배출되는 Gdanth의 배출량은 259 mmol/day로 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 하수처리장을 통해 수영만 연안으로 Gdanth이 지속적으로 배출될 것으로 예상되며, 향후 Gd의 중장기적인 관측이 필요함을 시사한다.

Gadolinium, commonly used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is discharged into aquatic environments without removal after treatment in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) because of its high stability. In this study, we collected water samples from Suyeong WWTP, Busan, to investigate the dissolved rare earth element (REE) removal capacity of each wastewater treatment process and to evaluate the discharge of anthropogenic Gd (Gdanth) from effluents. As wastewater passed through each stage of treatment, the concentrations of light REEs (La-Eu) decreased, whereas those of heavy REEs (Tb-Lu) were relatively consistent. Negative Sm anomalies (<1) were observed in several samples, indicating that Sm can be removed by adsorption onto particles or phosphate during the biological removal process. Positive Gd anomalies (149±50, n=9) were observed in all samples. The ratios of Gdanth concentrations to measured Gd concentrations in all wastewater treatment processes were higher than 97%. This indicates that Gdanth was discharged to the Suyeong River without removal during the wastewater treatment process. Considering the daily treatment capacity in each process, the total flux of Gdanth was estimated to be 259 mmol/day. Our results suggest that mid- and/or long-term monitoring of Gd is needed because Gdanth is continuously discharged into Suyeong Bay through WWTPs.

키워드

과제정보

이 논문은 부경대학교 자율창의학술연구비(2021년)에 의하여 연구되었음.

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