Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
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Comparative Analysis of Environmental Ecological Flow Based on Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) in Miho stream of Geum river system

서식지적합도지수(HSI)에 따른 환경생태유량 비교 분석 : 미호천을 중심으로

  • Received : 2022.02.10
  • Accepted : 2022.03.08
  • Published : 2022.03.31
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Abstract

In this study, the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) was calculated in the Miho stream of the Geum river system, and the environmental ecological flow by point was evaluated. Two points (St.3 and St.8) representing the up and downstream of Miho Stream were selected, in order to calculate the Habitat Suitability Index, the depth and velocity at point where each species is appeared were investigated. The Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) was calculated by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) method using the number collected by water depth and velocity section and the results of the flow rate survey. Two target species were selected in this study; dominant species and swimming species sensitive to flow. In the case of a single species of Zacco platypus, the water depth was 0.1 - 0.5 m and the velocity was 0.2 - 0.5 m/s. For species of swimming fish, the water depth was 0.2 - 0.5 m and the velocity was 0.2 - 0.5 m/s. The discharge-Weighted Useable Area (WUA) relationship curve and habitat suitability distribution were simulated at the Miho Stream points St.3 and St.8. At the upstream St.3 of Miho Stream, the optimal discharge was simulated as 4.0 m3/s for swimming fishes and 2.7 m3/s for Zacco platypus. At the downstream point of St.8, species of swimming fish were simulated as 8.8 m3/s and Zacco platypus was simulated as 7.6 m3/s. In both points, the optimal discharge of swimming fish was over estimated. This is a result that the Habitat Suitability Index for swimming fish requires a faster flow rate than the habitat conditions of the Zacco platypus. In the calculation of the minimum discharge, the discharge of Zacco platypus is smaller and is evaluated to provide more Weighted Useable Area. In the case of swimming fishes, narrow range of depth and velocity increases the required discharge and relatively decreases the Weighted Useable Area. Therefore, when calculating the Habitat Suitability Index for swimming fishes, it is more advantageous to calculate the index including the habitat of all fish species than to narrow the range.

본 연구에서는 금강수계 미호천 유역에서 어류 서식지적합도지수 (HSI)를 산정하고 환경생태유량을 산정하였다. 이를 위해 미호천의 상류와 하류를 대표할 수 있는 2개 지점 (St.3과 St.8)을 선정하고, 어종별 수심과 유속 등 물리적서식지 정보를 구축해 서식지적합도지수를 산정하였다. 서식지적합도지수는 채집된 개체수와 유량조사 결과를 수심과 유속의 관계를 이용해 WDFW 방법으로 산정하였고, 대표어종 선정시 우점종인 피라미 (Zacco platypus)와 유량에 민감한 유영성 어종으로 결정하였다. 단일종인 피라미의 경우 수심 범위는 0.1 - 0.5 m, 유속 범위는 0.2 - 0.5 m/s 이고, 유영성 어종인 경우 수심 범위는 0.2 - 0.5 m, 유속 범위는 0.2 - 0.5 m/s 이다. 미호천의 대표지점인 St.3과 St.8에서 대표어종인 유영성군집 및 피라미에 대한 유량 (Discharge)-가중가용면적 (WUA) 관계 곡선 및 서식지적합도 분포를 모의하였다. 미호천 상류 St.3에서 가중가용면적이 최대값을 나타내는 최적유량은 유영성 군집이 4.0 m3/s, 피라미가 2.7 m3/s 로 모의되었다. 하류지점인 St.8에서는 유영성 군집이 8.8 m3/s, 피라미가 7.6 m3/s 로 모의되었다. 두 지점 모두 유영성군집 어종의 최적유량이 크게 산정되었다. 이는 유영성 군집의 서식지적합도지수가 피라미의 서식조건보다 더 빠른 유속을 필요로 하기 때문이다. 최소유량 산정에서도 피라미의 유량이 더 작고, 보다 더 많은 가중가용면적을 제공하는 것으로 평가된다. 군집 어류의 경우 수심과 유속의 범위를 좁게 산정하면 필요유량이 증가하고 가중가용면적은 상대적으로 감소한다. 따라서 군집어류에 대한 서식지적합도지수 산정시 범위를 좁게 설정하는 것보다 모든 어종의 서식지를 포함하는 지수를 산정하는 것이 유리하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 금강수계관리위원회 환경기초조사사업 (2019년)의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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