Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Elementary School Students' Polar Literacy

초등학생들의 극지 소양

  • Received : 2021.10.03
  • Accepted : 2022.02.16
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

The need for polar education was further emphasized, depending on the importance of the pole, which is the best place for climate change detection and prediction, and treasure trove of future technology and resources. Therefore, this study analyzed the general cognitive and affective characteristics of elementary school students' polar literacy, and in addition, analyzed the cognitive and affective characteristics according to the level of diversity about polar experience. The items developed for the study were revised through a pilot survey of 43 fifth graders. They consisted of questions about gender, polar experience, scientific literacy, polar knowledge, polar literacy skills, polar literacy beliefs, and polar literacy attitudes. The types of questions used are selectable, reliable, and Likert (4 points), for a total of 66 questions. The students who participated in the study were 323 fifth grade elementary students. The study found that students were more interested in the dramatic consequences of polar changes than the scientific causes and processes associated with it. This is confirmed through the fact that they are more interested in and familiar with polar creatures suffering from polar changes than understanding ice, which is the main feature of and the central mechanism of polar changes. Students also recognized the issue of polar climate change as a global issue other than their own. They believe that what happens in the Arctic and Antarctica will affect the whole world, but not significantly to himself and his community. The level of knowledge about polar region and the ability to analyze and infer were not significantly related to each other, and students with a higher level of diversity of experience about polar region had a better understanding of polar science and technology. In this research, it is meaningful to check the characteristics related to the students' polar region and to use it as a basic data to show the direction in which polar literacy education should proceed in the future.

기후 변화의 감지, 예측의 최적지이며 미래 기술, 자원의 보고인 극지의 중요성에 따라 극지 교육의 필요성이 더욱 강조됐다. 이에 본 연구에서는 극지에 대한 초등학생의 일반적 인지 및 정의적 특성을 탐색한 후, 극지에 대한 경험 다양성 수준에 따른 인지 및 정의적 특성을 추가로 분석했다. 연구를 위해 개발된 검사 문항은 43명의 초등학교 5학년생을 대상으로 한 예비 검사를 통해 수정, 보완되었다. 검사 문항은 학생들의 배경 변인으로 성별, 극지에 대한 학습 경험 및 일상 경험, 과학적 소양을 묻는 문항과 극지 지식, 기능, 신념, 태도를 묻는 문항으로 구성됐다. 문항의 유형은 선택형, 진위형, 리커트(4점)이며 총 66개다. 검사에 참여한 학생들은 대·중·소 도시의 초등학교에 재학 중인 5학년생 323명이다. 연구 결과, 학생들은 극지의 변화와 관련된 과학적 원인 및 과정보다는 극지의 변화로 인한 극적인 결과에 관심이 크고 잘 알았다. 이는 극지의 주요 특징임과 동시에 극지 환경 변화 매커니즘의 중심에 있는 얼음에 대한 이해보다, 극지 환경 변화로서 고통 받을 극지 생물에 더욱 관심이 크고 잘 알고 있다는 사실을 통해 확인됐다. 또한, 학생들은 극지 기후 변화의 문제를 자신을 제외한 전지구적 문제로 인식했다. 북극과 남극에서 일어나는 일은 전 세계에 영향을 미치지만, 자기 자신과 지역 사회에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 생각한다는 것이다. 극지에 대한 지식의 수준과 극지 관련 자료를 해석, 추론하는 탐구 능력은 서로 큰 관련이 없었으며, 극지에 대한 경험 다양성의 수준이 높은 학생일수록 극지의 과학 기술에 대한 이해가 뛰어났다. 본 연구는 학생들의 극지 소양 관련 특성을 점검했다는 것과, 향후 극지 교육이 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하는 기초 자료가 될 것이라는 점에서 의미가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2021년도 한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소의 PAP 사업 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임.

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