Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Alterations in qualities of different cultivation types of garlic during storage: Changes assessed by ultrasonic and organic acid treatment

초음파 및 유기산 처리에 따른 재배유형별 마늘의 저장 중 품질변화

  • You, Gwang Yeon (The Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea) ;
  • Hwang, Young (Department of Agrofood Resoures, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Kyumg Mi (Department of Agrofood Resoures, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Cho, Yong Sik (Department of Agrofood Resoures, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Jang, Hyun Wook (Department of Agrofood Resoures, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 유광연 (한국식품산업클러스터진흥원 생산지원부) ;
  • 황영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 김경미 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 조용식 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 장현욱 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부)
  • Received : 2021.12.02
  • Accepted : 2022.02.03
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

We investigated the effects of organic acid and ultrasonication treatment in maintaining the quality of garlic during storage. Samples were exposed for 5 min to either ultrasonication at 60℃, 1% citric acid, or 0.5% fumaric acid. Presence of microorganisms and minerals, hardness, and color were compared during storage at 4℃ for 28 days. The total aerobic bacterial count remained low. No proliferation of Escherichia coli was observed after treatment with fumaric acid or ultrasonication, and mold proliferation was inhibited by ultrasonication. The mineral content of the northern type garlic was higher than that of the southern type. Exposure to fumaric acid did not result in a substantial difference in hardness until 21 days of storage, at which time there was a decrease in the L-value in each cultivation type. Our results indicate that treatment with 0.5% fumaric acid for 5 min was effective in reducing the abundance of microorganisms during storage without affecting the hardness or color in garlic.

본 연구에서는 초음파 및 유기산 처리에 따른 재배유형별 마늘의 저장 중 품질 특성 조사를 위해 초음파(60℃, 5 min)와 유기산(citric acid 1.0%, fumaric acid 0.5%, 각각 5 min) 처리 후 냉장(4℃) 온도에서 28일간 저장하면서 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 총균수는 한지형과 난지형 모두 대조구와 citric acid 처리 시 저장 기간이 증가할수록 총균수도 증가하였다. 대장균은 한지형과 난지형 모두 대조구에서 저장 7일부터 검출되기 시작하였으며, 그 수준은 식품공전의 신선 편의 식품 법적인 기준 2.0 log CFU/g을 초과하였다. 곰팡이도 대장균과 마찬가지로 저장 7일부터 검출되기 시작하였으나 초음파 처리 시에는 저장 기간 중 모든 재배유형별 마늘에서 검출되지 않았다. Fumaric acid 0.5%를 고려했을 때 총균수는 0.06±0.13으로 한지형과 난지형이 동일하였고, 곰팡이는 한지형 0.68±0.25와 난지형은 증식하지 않는 등 낮은 수준을 유지하고 있었으며, 대장균은 검출되지 않아 미생물 억제에 효과적이었다. 무기질 변화 분석 결과 모든 재배유형별 마늘에서 Fe와 Zn은 검출되지 않았으며 성분이 많은 함유량은 K, P, Mg, Ca, Na 순으로 이었다. 경도는 전반적으로 저장 기간이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, fumaric acid 처리구에서는 모든 재배유형에서 경도에 유의적인 차이가 없어 조직변화 측면에서 fumaric acid 0.5%, 5분 처리가 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 색도는 L값은 감소, a값과 b값은 증가하여 육안으로 보았을 때 녹변현상과 일치하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 활용한 전처리 조건에서는 일부 기간 미생물 감소, 무기질 및 경도, 색 변화와 같은 품질을 유지하는 방안으로 fumaric acid 0.5%, 5분 처리가 마늘의 미생물 저감과 품질 유지에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 채소류의 미생물, 색, 경도 등 품질을 향상하고 유지할 수 있는 다양한 물리적, 화학적인 방법들이 추가로 연구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 공동연구사업(과제번호: PJ01528106)의 연구비 지원으로 수행된 과제로 이에 감사드립니다.

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