Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene (한국치위생학회지)

Korean Society of Dental Hygiene (한국치위생학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The effect of an oral exercise program including whole-body exercises on the mental health of the elderly

전신체조를 병행한 입 체조 프로그램이 노인의 정신건강에 미치는 영향

  • Jung, Eun-Seo (Department of Dental Hygiene, Shinhan University) ;
  • Seo, Su-Yeon (Department of Beauty Health Science, Shinhan University) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong-Hee (Department of Dental Hygiene, Shinhan University)
  • 정은서 (신한대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 서수연 (신한대학교 뷰티헬스사이언스학과) ;
  • 이경희 (신한대학교 치위생학과)
  • Received : 2021.12.10
  • Accepted : 2022.01.30
  • Published : 2022.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the influence of oral exercise programs with whole-body exercises on the mental health of the elderly. Methods: Elderly individuals aged 65 years or older were assigned to an experimental group and a control group. Oral exercises with whole-body exercises were conducted in the experimental group for 40 minutes, twice weekly, during 5 weeks from May to June 2021. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, the oral health related quality of life (OHIP-14, GOHAI), mental health, happiness, and social support of the elderly were explored both before and after the execution of the program in the experimental group. A paired sample t-test was performed to check the changes in the factors investigated, both before and after the execution of the program in the two groups. Results: The values of difference between the experimental and control group were compared in relation to the dependent variables, before and after the execution of the oral exercise program with the whole-body exercises. It was found that statistically significant differences in the OHIP-14 (p=0.163), GOHAI (p=0.156), and feelings of happiness in the elderly (p=0.280) were not evident in the experimental group. However, statistically significant differences emerged with regard to the mental health and provision of social support of the elderly (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found that the oral exercise program with whole-body exercises executed in this study were effective in improving the mental health and social support of the elderly. However, no significant differences were shown in oral health relating to quality of life and feelings of happiness. It is considered that these findings need to be verified by means of future long-term studies.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by research fund from National Research Fundation of Korea 2020 (NRF-2018R1A2B6006701).

References

  1. Kim YH, Lee JH. The effects of mental health status and subjective oral health status on periodontal disease for the elderly. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2019;19(4):555-64. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.20190049
  2. Gutzmann H, Qazi A. Depression associated with dementia. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015;48(4):305-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-015-0898-8
  3. Mental health business division. National mental health statistics 2018. Seoul: National mental health center; 2020: 130-8.
  4. Chung SD, Chung SM, Kim BYE. The influence of intra - and inter - generational interactions on quality of life of older people: focused on the moderating effects of intra - generational interaction. Korean Association For Social Welfare Studies 2016;47(2):253-80. https://doi.org/10.16999/kasws.2016.47.2.253
  5. Bae SM. The association between health - related factors, physical and mental diseases, social activities, and cognitive function in elderly Koreans: a population - based cross - sectional study. Psychogeriatrics 2020;20(5):654-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12561
  6. Bhamani MA, Khan MM, Karim MS, Mir MU. Depression and its association with functional status and physical activity in the elderly in Karachi, Pakistan. Asian J Psychiatr 2015;14:46-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2014.12.004
  7. Lotfi G, Tahmasbi F, Pakzamir F. The comparison of mental health of elderly men in three athletic, active, and sedentary groups. J Research Health 2016;6(4):431-7. https://doi.org/10.7508/jrh.2016.04.008
  8. Byeon HW. Relationship between physical activity level and depression of elderly people living alone. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(20):4051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16204051
  9. Lee Kj, So WY. Differences in the levels of physical activity, mental health, and quality of life of elderly Koreans with activity - limiting disabilities. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(15):2736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152736
  10. Mortazavi SS, Shati M, Ardebili HE, Mohammad K, Beni RD, Keshteli AH. Comparing the effects of group and home - based physical activity on mental health in the elderly. Int J Prev Med 2013;4(11):1282-9.
  11. Song MS, Hong AR, Park YW. An analysis of the depression prevention of the elderly gymnastics program based on the KGDS. HSS21 2019;10(6):1173-86. https://doi.org/10.22143/HSS21.10.6.130
  12. Song KY, Yoo HS. Effects of chronic gymnastic exercise on physical self - description, and depression in the with elderly women. KSSLS 2011;45:663-74. https://doi.org/10.51979/KSSLS.2011.08.45.663
  13. Choi ES, Cho HA. Effect of perceived stress on general health and oral health status in elderly: results from The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2017;17(5):899-910. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2017.17.05.899
  14. Lee HJ, Kim CM, Lee DH. The effects of oral health on activity of daily living, depression and quality of life in elderly women. Korean J Health Promot 2014;14(2):50-8. https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2014.14.2.50
  15. Mohammadi TM, Sabouri A, Sabouri S, Najafipour H. Anxiety, depression, and oral health: a population - based study in southeast of Iran. Dent Res J 2019;16(3):139-44. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.255748
  16. Yamaga E, Sato Y, Minakuchi S. A structural equation model relating oral condition, denture quality, chewing ability, satisfaction, and oral health - related quality of life in complete denture wearers. J Dent 2013;41(8):710-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2013.05.015
  17. Yang SE, Park YG, Han KD, Min JA, Kim SY. Dental pain related to quality of life and mental health in South Korean adults. Psychol Health Med 2016;21(8):981-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2015.1098781
  18. Miyoshi S, Shigeishi H, Fukada E, Nosou M, Amano H, Sugiyama M. Association of oral function with long - term participation in community - based oral exercise programs in older Japanese women: a cross - sectional study. J Clin Med Res 2019;11(3):165-70. https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr3664
  19. Seo KS, Kim HN. Effects of oral health programmes on xerostomia in community - dwelling elderly: a systematic review and meta - analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2020;18(1):52-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/idh.12418
  20. Seo SY, Choi YY, Lee KH, Jung ES. Improvement in oral function after an oral exercise program including whole - body exercises. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2021;21(1):5-16. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.20210002
  21. Burgener SC, Buettner LL, Beattie E, Rose KM. Effectiveness of community - based, nonpharmacological interventions for early - stage dementia: conclusions and recommendations. J Gerontol Nurs 2009;35(3):58-9. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20090301-03
  22. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 2007;39(2):175-91. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
  23. Health Promotion Division of Health Center. KAMIKAMI oral exercise and oral care. Kochi city: Japan; 2007.
  24. Hwang YS, Cho EP. A study on elderly people's satisfaction level with oral exercise program. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 2009;9(4):795-807.
  25. Locker D, Matear D, Stephens M, Lawrence H, Payne B. Comparison of the GOHAI and OHIP - 14 as measures of the oral health - related quality of life of the elderly. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001;29(5):373-81. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0528.2001.290507.x
  26. Atchison KA, Dolan TA. Development of the geriatric oral health assessment index. J Dent Educ 1990;54(11):680-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.0022-0337.1990.54.11.tb02481.x
  27. Kim TY. The relationship among social support, mental health, exercise satisfaction and old age happiness in the elderly participating in leisure sports[Doctoral dissertation]. Seoul; Univ. of Korea, 2019.
  28. Pyo JM, Cho J, Kim SH. The effect of social participation activities and ability to perform daily life in old age on happiness through self - esteem. HSS21 2021;12(3):673-88. https://doi.org/10.22143/HSS21.12.3.48
  29. Kang MH. The basic pension system and happiness of the elderly women in poverty: focusing on the mediating effect of self - efficacy. KJCH 2019;7(3):7-29. https://doi.org/10.14729/converging.k.2019.7.3.7
  30. Koshino H, Hirai T, Ishijima T, Tsukagoshi H, Ishigami T, Tanaka Y. Quality of life and masticatory function in denture wearers. J Oral Rehabil 2006;33(5):323-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01152.x
  31. Yamaga E, Sato Y, Minakuchi S. A structural equation model relating oral condition, denture quality, chewing ability, satisfaction, and oral health - related quality of life in complete denture wearers. J Dent 2013;41(8):710-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2013.05.015
  32. Kim TM, Lee SG, Jeon SY. The relations of social support to the health behaviors and health status in the elderly. Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion 2006;23(3):99-119.
  33. Harandi TF, Taghinasab MM, Nayeri TD. The correlation of social support with mental health: a meta - analysis. Electronic Physician 2017;9(9):5212-22. https://doi.org/10.19082/5212