Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis: role of cofactors

  • Shin, Meeyong (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.06.23
  • Accepted : 2020.10.08
  • Published : 2021.08.15
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Abstract

Food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis are important health problems. Several cofactors modulating the onset of anaphylaxis have been identified. In the presence of cofactors, allergic reactions may be induced at lower doses of food allergens and/or become severe. Exercise and concomitant infections are well-documented cofactors of anaphylaxis in children. Other factors such as consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol ingestion, and stress have been reported. Cofactors reportedly play a role in approximately 30% of anaphylactic reactions in adults and 14%-18.3% in children. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is the best-studied model of cofactor-induced anaphylaxis. Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, the most common FDEIA condition, has been studied the most. The mechanisms of action of cofactors have not yet been fully identified. This review aims to educate clinicians on recent developments in the role of cofactors and highlight the importance of recognizing cofactors in food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.

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