DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Roadside Aerosols Size Distribution Characteristics in Jeju City

제주시 도로변에서의 에어로졸의 입경별 분포 특성

  • Lee, Ki-Ho (Department of Environmental Engineering, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kim, Su-Mi (Air Environmental Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Research Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Hu, Chul-Goo (Department of Environmental Engineering, Jeju National University)
  • 이기호 (제주대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김수미 (제주특별자치도 보건환경연구원 대기환경과) ;
  • 허철구 (제주대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2021.07.14
  • Accepted : 2021.09.03
  • Published : 2021.09.30

Abstract

Measurements on mass size distribution of roadside aerosols were obtained in downtown Jeju City from July 2018 to May 2020 using an 8-stage cascade impactor sampler and the compositions of aerosols were analyzed. The mass size distribution of total aerosols was bimodal with aerosols existing in both the fine and coarse modes. The mass size distributions of Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NH4+ and SO42- were unimodal, whereas that of K+ was bimodal. For NO3-, the size distribution in winter and spring was bimodal with the peaks in both fine and coarse modes, whereas for summer and autumn the distribution was unimodal with a peak in the coarse mode. NH4+ was found to co-exist with SO42- in the fine mode with an average molar ratio of [NH4+]/[SO42-] equal to 2.05. Good correlation was observed between NO3- and NH4+ in the fine mode particles in spring and winter. Based on the value of the marine enrichment factor for Cl-, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+ and SO42-, it may be inferred that a major part of the roadside aerosols in downtown Jeju City was largely contributed by terrigenous sources, although the influence of sea salt was normally present.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2020학년도 제주대학교 교원성과지원사업의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. Calvo, A. I., Alves, C., Castro, A., Pont, V., Vicente, A. M., Fraile, R., 2013, Research on aerosol sources and chemical composition: Past, current and emerging issues, Atmos. Res., 120-121, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.09.021
  2. Cho, B. Y., Shin, S. H., Jung, C. S., Ju, M. H., Yoon, M. H., Ahn, J. E. Bae, G. S., 2019, Characteristics of particle size distribution at the roadside of Daegu. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 35, 16-26. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2019.35.1.016
  3. Duan, J., Li, X., Tan, J., Chai, F., 2009, Size distribution and source apportionment of atmospheric particle number concentration in winter in Beijing, Res. Environ. Sci., 22, 1134-1140.
  4. Frohlich, R., Cubison, M. J., Slowik, J. G., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Croteau, P. L., Gysel, M., Henne, S., Herrmann, E., Jayne, J. T., Steinbacher, M., Worsnop, D. R., Baltensperger, U., Prevot, A. S. H., 2015, Fourteen months of on-line measurements of the non-refractory submicron aerosol at the Jungfraujoch (3580 ma.s.l.) - chemical composition, origins and organic aerosol sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11373-11398. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11373-2015
  5. Gao, Y., Arimoto, R., Duce, R. A., Chen, L. Q., Zhou, M. Y., Gu, D. Y., 1996, Atmospheric non-sea-salt sulfate, nitrate and methnsulfonate over the China Sea, J. Geophys. Rese., 101, 12601-12611. https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD00866
  6. Ha, H. J., 2011, Comparative evaluation of the air quality at the center lane and roadside in the exclusive median bus lane, Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  7. Han, X., Naeher, L. P., 2006, A Review of traffic-related air pollution exposure assessment studies in the developing world, Environmental International, 32, 106-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2005.05.020
  8. Hu, C. H., Kim, S. M., Lee, K. H., 2020, Composition of size-segregated atmospheric aerosol collected at an urban roadside environment in Jeju area, J. Environ. Sci. Int., 29, 79-93. https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2020.29.1.79
  9. Hu, H., Lia, T., Chen, X., 2017, The concentration distribution of exposures to particulate air pollution on different road sections, Transportation Research Procedia, 25, 3343-3353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.199
  10. Jiang, F., Liu, F., Lin, Q., Fu, Y., Yang, Y., Peng, L., Lian, X., Z hang, G., Bi, X., Wang, X., Sheng, G., 2019, Characteristics and formation mechanisms of sulfate and nitrate in size-segregated atmospheric particles from Urban Guangzhou, China, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 19, 1284-1293. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.07.0251
  11. Karagulian, F., Belis, C. A., Dora, C., F., C., Pruss-Ustun, A. M., Bonjour, S., Adair-Rohani, H., Amann, M., 2015, Contributions to cities' ambient particulate matter (PM): A systematic review of local source contributions at global level, Atmos. Environ., 120, 475-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.087
  12. Kim, Y .P., Bae, G. N., Ji, J. H., Jin, H. C., Moon, K. C., 1999, Aerosol size distribution and composition at Kosan, Cheju island: measurements in April 1998, J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 15, 677-685.
  13. Lee, K. H., Yang, H. J., Hu, C. G., 2003, Size distribution of ambient aerosol measured at a coastal site in Jeju island, J. Environ. Sci. Int., 12, 1043-1054. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2003.12.10.1043
  14. MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Instructure and Transport), 2019, 2018 Statistics of urban planning; http://upis.go.kr/upispweb/statsmgmt/viewListdown.do.
  15. Ohsaki, S., Mitani, R., Fujiwara, S., Nakamura, H., Watano, S., 2019, Effect of particle-wall interaction and particle shape on particle deposition behavior in human respiratory system, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 67, 1328-1336. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.c19-00693
  16. Parmar, R. S., Satsangi, G. S., Kumari, M., Lakhani, A., Srivastava, S. S., Prakash, S., 2001, Study of size distribution of atmospheric aerosol at Agra, Atmos. Environ., 35, 693-702. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00317-4
  17. Pey, J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Rodriguez, S., Putaud, J. P., Van Dingenen, R., 2009, Source apportionment of urban fine and ultra-fine particle number concentration in a Western Mediterranean city, Atmos. Environ., 43, 4407-4415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.05.024
  18. Seinfeld, J. H., Pandis, S. N., 2006, Atmospheric chemistry and physics: From air pollution to climate change, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 368-384.
  19. Shekunov, B. Y., Chattopadhyay, P., Tong, H. H .Y., Chow, A. H. L., 2007, Particle size analysis in pharmaceutics: principles, methods and applications, Pharmaceutical Research, 24, 203-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-006-9146-7
  20. Shields, L. G., Suess, D. T., Prather, K. A., 2007, Determination of single particle mass spectral signatures from heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions for PM2.5 source apportionment, Atmos. Environ., 41, 3841-3852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.01.025
  21. Tai, A. P. K., Mickley, L. J., Jacob, D. J., 2010, Correlations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and meteorological variables in the United States: Implications for the sensitivity of PM2.5 to climate change, Atmos. Environ., 44, 3976-3984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.060
  22. UN, 2018, World Urbanization Prospects, https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Download/.
  23. Wrobel, A., Rokita, E., Maenhaut, W., 2000, Transport of traffic-related aerosols in urban areas, Sci. Total Environ., 257, 199-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00519-2
  24. Wolff, G. T., Ruthkosky, M. S., Stroup, D. R., Korsog, P. E., Ferman, M. A., Wendel, G. R., Stedman, D. H., 1986, Measurement of SOx, NOx, and aerosol species on Bermuda, Atmos. Environ., 20, 1229-1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(86)90158-7
  25. Yoo, E. C., Dou, W. G.,Cho, J. G., 2009, Study for the control of re-suspended dust from paved poad, The Annual Report of Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment, 19, 177-186.
  26. Zavala, M., Herndon, S. C., Wood, E. C., Onasch, T. B., Knighton, W. B., Marr, L. C., Kolb, C. E., Molina, L. T., 2009, Evaluation of mobile emissions contributions to Mexico City's emissions inventory using on-road and cross-road emission measurements and ambient data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6305-6317. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6305-2009
  27. Zhuang, H., Chan, C. K., Fang, M., Wexler, A. S., 1999, Size distributions of particulate sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium at a coastal site in Hong Kong, Atmos. Environ., 33, 843-853. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00305-7