Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Flora of Mt. Hwang-ak and Jikjisa, Temple Forest in Baekdudaegan

백두대간의 사찰림 황악산과 직지사의 식물상

  • Son, Yonghwan (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Park, Sunghyuk (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Seo, Hanna (Department of Forest Bio-resources, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Park, Wangeun (Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Son, Hojun (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 손용환 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 박성혁 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 서한나 (국립산림과학원 생명자원연구부) ;
  • 박완근 (강원대학교 산림환경시스템학과) ;
  • 손호준 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소)
  • Received : 2020.11.30
  • Accepted : 2021.02.01
  • Published : 2021.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Mt. Hwang-ak, as a temple forest belongs to Baekdudaegan. flora investigation was conducted to better know of current natural environment. At the same time, For the understanding of planted plants which is in the traditional Korea buddhism temple for landscape, research on Jikji temple had taken place during 2019 April to October with 12 times. As a result, the list of plants at Mt. Hwang-ak was classified as a total of 534 taxa comprising of 96 families, 312 genus, 462 species, 4 subspecies, 59 varieties, 9 forma. This listed plants could be classified as 4 categories by each standard. the listed plants were 14 species of Korean endemic plants, 13 species of Rare plants data book in korea, 34 species of Invasive Alien Plants in South Korea with 10% of Urbanization Ratio and 6% of Naturalization Ratio respectively, 167 species of List of Medicinal Resources Plants in Korea. In the Temple of Jikji, could find 81 species of planted plants that widely distributed all around the temple for landscape. Compared to other temple, We could observed 51% of species were overlapping, Among them, 9% of species overlapping with more than three temples.

본 연구는 황악산(경상북도, 김천시)과 직지사 경내 식재종에 대한 식물상 조사로 2019년 4월부터 10월까지 총 12회에 걸쳐 관속식물 분포를 조사하였다. 조사된 전체 분류군은 96과 312속 462종 4아종 59변종 9품종 총 534분류군이 자생하는 것으로 확인되었다. 조사된 식물 중 한국특산식물이 13분류군, 산림청지정 희귀식물 멸종위기종 1분류군, 위기종 2분류군, 취약종 4분류군, 약관심종 10분류군, 자료부족종 1분류군 총 14분류군으로 확인됐다. 침입외래식물은 광분포 등급14분류군, 심각한 확산등급 5분류군, 우려되는 확산등급 3분류군, 경미한 확산등급 7분류군, 잠재적 확산등급 5분류군, 총 34분류군으로 귀화율은 6%, 도시화지수는 10%로 나타났으며, 약용식물은 167분류군으로 종합되었다. 직지사 경내에 식재종은 43과 64속 68종 6변종 7품종 총 81분류군으로 일부 희귀 및 특산식물 7분류군, 약용식물 44분류군으로 다른 사찰과 중복되는 종은 41분류군(51%), 빈번 중복종 7분류군(9%)으로 한국의 불교식물에 해당하는 식물은 33분류군으로 확인되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 강원대학교 수목분류학실험실의 도움을 통해 이루어진 것으로 이에 감사드립니다.

References

  1. Choi, S.H. and H.S. Cho. 2001. Analysis on the forest community structure of the area of Donghaksa-Nammaetap, Kyeryongsan National Park. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 14:252-267 (in Korean).
  2. Chung, G.Y., K.S. Chang, J.M. Chung, H.J. Choi, W.K. Paik and J.O. Hyun. 2017. A checklist of endemic plants on the Korea peninsula. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 47(3):264-288 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2017.47.3.264
  3. Heo, S.H. 2004. A study on the planting condition of traditional temples - Bulguksa, Bunhwangsa, Kirimsa, Golgulsa. The Institute of Buddhist Landscape Architecture 10:79-92 (in Korean).
  4. Hong, G.P. and J.H. You. 2015. Analysis on planting characteristics and landscape plants of Haeinsa. The Jounal of the Research Institute for Silla Culture 45:365-386 (in Korean).
  5. Jang, Y.H. and B.H. Koo. 2019. A study on the eco-cultural assessment indicator for Buddhist temple forest - Focused on Mt. Jogye Songgwang-sa temple -. J. Korean Inst. Landsc. 37(2):74-88 (in Korean).
  6. Jeon, M.S. 2015. A Study on the View of Buddhist Food in the Agama. Department of School of Education, Ph.D. Thesis, Dongguk University, Korea. p. 97 (in Korean).
  7. Jeong, S.Y. 2014. A Study on the Distribution Characteristic of Invasive Alien Plant (IAP) in South Korea. Department of Bioresource Sciences, Ph.D. Thesis, Andong National University, Korea. p. 53 (in Korean).
  8. Jo, H.G., K.J. Lee and K.K. Oh. 1987. A study on impacts of camping recreation on vegetation and soil - The case of Hwaum-Temple district campsite in Mt. Jiri National Park. J. Korean Inst. Landsc. 14:21-31 (in Korean).
  9. Kang, H.M., S.H. Choi, S.D. Lee, H.S. Jo and J.S. Kim. 2012. Vegetation structure of Bulguksa Buddhist temple forest in the Gyeongju National Park. Korean J. Env. Ecol. 26:787-800 (in Korean).
  10. Kim, J.S. and T.Y. Kim. 2012. Woody Plants of Korean Peninsula. Dolbegae, Paju, Korea. pp. 1-688 (in Korean).
  11. Kim, W. 1969. A Flora of Mt. Hwang-ak Research Report. (a) Birthday offering for Yang In-seok. pp. 57-84 (in Korean).
  12. Korea National Arboretum. 2008. Rare Plants Data Book of Korea. Geobook Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 3-332 (in Korean).
  13. Korea National Arboretum. 2016. Invasive Alien Plants in South Korea. Korea National Arboretum. Pocheon, Korea. pp. 1-265 (in Korean).
  14. Korea National Arboretum. 2017. Checklist of Vascular Plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum. Pocheon, Korea. pp. 3-1000 (in Korean).
  15. Lee, G.J., J.S. Kim, J.W. Choi and B.H. Han. 2009. Vegetation structure of Abies holophylla forest near Woljeong Temple in Odaesan National Park. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 22:173-183 (in Korean).
  16. Lee, J.M., K.M. Hwang, J.H. Kim. 2014. The classification of forest by cluster analysis in the natural forest of the southern region of Baekdudaegan mountains. Kor. J. Forest. Soc. 103:12-22 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.1.12
  17. Lee, M.B., C.S, Kang, W. Han and H.S. Kang. 2003. Buk cheong-Dancheon = Analysis of spatial relationship between environmental factors and vegetation distribution using DEM and landsat. Korean J. Geomorphological. 10:441 (in Korean).
  18. Lee, T.B. 2003a. Coloured Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Hyangmunsa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 15-914 (in Korean).
  19. Lee, T.B. 2003b. Coloured Flora of Korea. Vol. II. Hyangmunsa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 11-910 (in Korean).
  20. Lee, Y.N. 2006a. New Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Gyohaksa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 16-974 (in Korean).
  21. Lee, Y.N. 2006b. New Flora of Korea. Vol. II. Gyohaksa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 10-882 (in Korean).
  22. Melchoir, H. 1964. A Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, Band II. Gebruder Bornteaeger Publishing Co., Berlin, Germany. pp. 5-666.
  23. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. 2003. The Korean Pharmacopoeia. 2003. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. p. 674 (in Korean).
  24. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. 2013. The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 2013. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. p. 674 (in Korean).
  25. Numata, M. 1975. Naturalized Plants. Dai Nippon Printing Co., Tokyo, Japan. pp. 5-160.
  26. Oh, H.G., Y.H. Choi and J.H. Yu. 2014 Analysis of ecological index of plant using flora distributed in temple forest. J. EIA. 23(4):251-270 (in Korean).
  27. Park, H.J. 2013. Study on the Classification and Usefulness of Plants in Korean Buddhist scriptures. Department of Bioscience, Ph.D. Thesis, Daejin University, Korea. p. 297 (in Korean).
  28. Shin, G,H. 2006. In Jiri-Mountain National Park, Southern Korea = Analysis of spatial relationship between environmental factors and vegetation distribution using DEM. Korean J. Geomorphological. 13:85 (in Korean).
  29. Son, H.J., S.H. Park, H.J. Eo, G.H. Park, M.J. Kim, C.H. Ahn and Y.K. Park. 2019. List of Medicinal Resources Plants in Korea. National Institute of Forest Science. p. 237.
  30. Song, J.D. 1979. An Ecological Study on the Forest Community and Jikji Stream Environment in Mt. Hwang-ak. Department of Biology, Ph.D. Thesis. Kyungpook National University, Korea. pp. 243-252 (in Korean).
  31. Song, J.S., K.S. Roh, H.S. Chung and S.D. Song. 2000. Phytosociology of the Quercus spp. forests on Mts. Palgong, Kumo and Hwangak in the city areas of Taegu, Kumi and Kimchon, Kyungpook Province, Korea. J. Environ. Ecol. 13:220-233 (in Korean).
  32. Sung, J.W., J.W. Yoon, H.T. Shin, J.K. Bea, S.G. Kang and M.H. Yi. 2020. The vascular plants in Mt. Guryong, Korea. Korean J. Plant Res. 33(4):311-336. https://doi.org/10.7732/KJPR.2020.33.4.311
  33. Yang, I.S. 1963. A Research Study on Flora of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Kyungpook National University Press, Korea. pp. 1-141 (in Korean).
  34. Yang, I.S. 1979. A Flora of Mt. Hwang-ak. Thesis. Kyungpook National University Korea. 27:203-226 (in Korean).
  35. Yim, Y.J. and E.S. Jeon. 1980. Distribution of naturalized plants in the Korean peninsula. J. Plant Biol. 23:69-83 (in Korean with English abstract).