Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Comparison of Microscopy and Pigment Analysis for Determination of Phytoplankton Community Composition: Application of CHEMTAX Program

식물플랑크톤 군집조성 파악을 위한 현미경관찰법과 지표색소분석법 비교 연구: CHEMTAX 프로그램 활용

  • Kim, Dokyun (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Choi, Jisoo (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Oh, Hye-Ji (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Chang, Kwang-Hyeon (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Choi, Kwangsoon (K-water Research Institute) ;
  • Shin, Kyung-Hoon (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University)
  • 김도균 (한양대학교 해양융합공학과) ;
  • 최지수 (한양대학교 해양융합공학과) ;
  • 오혜지 (경희대학교 환경학및환경공학과) ;
  • 장광현 (경희대학교 환경학및환경공학과) ;
  • 최광순 (한국수자원공사 K-water연구원) ;
  • 신경훈 (한양대학교 해양융합공학과)
  • Received : 2021.12.06
  • Accepted : 2021.12.20
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

To understand how to efficiently observe the biomass and community of phytoplankton, phytoplankton sampling was carried out from June to October 2019 at the Yeongju dam sediment control reservoir(YJ) and Bohyeonsan dam reservoir(BH1 and BH2). The results derived from microscopic observation, such as the conventional phytoplankton qualitative/quantitative analysis, and from the CHEMTAX method based on the pigments, were compared. The relative contribution of phytoplankton, calculated by the microscopy and CHEMTAX methods, showed a significant difference in all four classes: cryptophyta, chlorophyta, cyanobacteria, and diatoms. In addition, the correlation between the two observation methods was poor. This might be caused by methodological differences in microscopy that do not consider the varying cell sizes among phytoplankton species. In this study, by converting the cells into carbon, the slope between both carbon biomasses based on microscopy and CHEMTAX was improved close to the 1 : 1 line, and the y-intercept was closer to 0 for cryptophyta and diatoms. For cyanobacteria, the slope increased, the y-intercept decreased, and the plot approached 1 : 1 although the correlation coefficients were not improved in all classes. The present study suggests that application of CHEMTAX based on pigment analysis could be a possible approach to efficiently determine the relative carbon proportions of individual classes of phytoplankton community composition.

본 연구는 여름철 식물플랑크톤의 생체량 및 군집 조성변화를 파악하기 위해 2019년 6월부터 10월까지 총 9회에 걸쳐 영주댐 유사조절지(YJ)와 보현산 댐저수지(BH1 and BH2)에서 식물플랑크톤 채집을 수행하였다. 또한, 전통적인 식물플랑크톤 정성/정량 방법인 현미경관찰법과 식물플랑크톤의 지표색소 기반인 CHEMTAX법으로 도출된 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 분석된 네 강(class) 수준의 은편모조류, 녹조류, 남조류, 규조류는 두 관찰법으로 산출한 결과에서 모두 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며, 서로간의 상관관계 또한 좋지 않았다. 이는 세포 크기가 고려되지 않은 현미경관찰법과 지표색소의 Chl.a 상대비를 기반으로 하는 CHEMTAX법의 방법론 차이에서 유발되었을 가능성이 있다. 따라서 탄소 함량으로 생체량을 변환하여 CHEMTAX법과 비교한 결과 은편모조류와 규조류는 회귀선의 기울기가 약 1로 1 : 1 line에 상당히 가까운 수준을 보였으며, y 절편은 0에 더욱 가까워졌다. 남조류 역시 기울기가 증가하였고, y 절편은 감소하였으며, raw data 중 1 : 1 line에 가까운 plot이 증가하였다. 녹조류는 음의 상관관계였던 전자와 비교하였을 때, 기울기가 양의 값으로 변하였다. 하지만, 모든 군집에서 결정계수가 감소한 것은 각 군집의 우점종의 전체 셀 수를 탄소량으로 환산하는 과정에서 군집별 종 조성에 따라 기여율 분포의 분산이 커진 것이 주요 원인 중 하나로 보인다. 따라서 두 방법의 상관관계를 높이기 위해서는 각 군집의 종별 세포 크기를 측정하여 더욱 세부적인 탄소 환산이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 지금까지 현미경관찰법과 CHEMTAX법의 결과를 비교하여 두 방법의 단점은 보완하고, 효율성을 극대화시키기 위한 노력이 진행되어 왔으나 서로의 차이를 설명하기에는 한계가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 색소 분석에 기반한 CHEMTAX 프로그램을 활용함으로써 식물플랑크톤 군집의 상대 탄소 비율을 효율적이고 신속하게 파악하는 방법을 제안하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 수자원공사 용역과제 [댐저수지에서 조류의 1차생산력 및 영양염류 이용율 분석 연구(2019)]의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다.

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