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Monocytes Contribute to IFN-β Production via the MyD88-Dependent Pathway and Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses against Mucosal Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

  • Tae Hoon Kim (Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Chae Won Kim (Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Dong Sun Oh (Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Hi Eun Jung (Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)) ;
  • Heung Kyu Lee (Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
  • Received : 2021.06.07
  • Accepted : 2021.07.30
  • Published : 2021.08.31
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Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of respiratory viral infection in infants and children. However, little is known about the contribution of monocytes to antiviral responses against RSV infection. We identified the IFN-β production of monocytes using IFN-β/YFP reporter mice. The kinetic analysis of IFN-β-producing cells in in vivo RSV-infected lung cells indicated that monocytes are recruited to the inflamed lung during the early phase of infection. These cells produced IFN-β via the myeloid differentiation factor 88-mediated pathway, rather than the TLR7- or mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein-mediated pathway. In addition, monocyte-ablated mice exhibited decreased numbers of IFN-γ-producing and RSV Ag-specific CD8+ T cells. Collectively, these data indicate that monocytes play pivotal roles in cytotoxic T-cell responses and act as type I IFN producers during RSV infection.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Authors would like to thank Dr. Jun Chang at Ewha Womans University for the discussion and technical help. This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2019R1A2C2087490, NRF-2021M3A9D3026428, and NRF-2021M3A9H3015688) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea. The authors also thank Drs. Akiko Iwasaki, Suk-Jo Kang, Myoung Ho Jang, and Mi-Na Kweon for mice and reagents.

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