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Mechanisms Underlying the Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Clinical Diseases: Good or Bad

  • Yongtong Ge (Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University) ;
  • Dalei Cheng (Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University) ;
  • Qingzhi Jia (Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining Medical University) ;
  • Huabao Xiong (Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University) ;
  • Junfeng Zhang (Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University)
  • Received : 2020.10.21
  • Accepted : 2021.05.18
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have strong immunosuppressive activity and are morphologically similar to conventional monocytes and granulocytes. The development and classification of these cells have, however, been controversial. The activation network of MDSCs is relatively complex, and their mechanism of action is poorly understood, creating an avenue for further research. In recent years, MDSCs have been found to play an important role in immune regulation and in effectively inhibiting the activity of effector lymphocytes. Under certain conditions, particularly in the case of tissue damage or inflammation, MDSCs play a leading role in the immune response of the central nervous system. In cancer, however, this can lead to tumor immune evasion and the development of related diseases. Under cancerous conditions, tumors often alter bone marrow formation, thus affecting progenitor cell differentiation, and ultimately, MDSC accumulation. MDSCs are important contributors to tumor progression and play a key role in promoting tumor growth and metastasis, and even reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy. Currently, a number of studies have demonstrated that MDSCs play a key regulatory role in many clinical diseases. In light of these studies, this review discusses the origin of MDSCs, the mechanisms underlying their activation, their role in a variety of clinical diseases, and their function in immune response regulation.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81801557, 81671632, 81874169), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Key Project (No. ZR2020KH033), National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (No. 201910443013), Jining Medical University Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (No. cx2019002).

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