Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회지)

The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회)
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Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Ducted Fan-Vane Configuration and Improvement of Control Performance in Hover

덕트 팬-베인 형상의 제자리 비행 공력 특성 및 조종 성능 개선에 관한 수치적 연구

  • Received : 2020.10.06
  • Accepted : 2021.02.16
  • Published : 2021.03.01
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Abstract

In the present study, numerical simulation was performed to investigate aerodynamic characteristics of a ducted fan-upper/lower vanes system in hover. Sensitivity analysis of aerodynamic forces for a system component was conducted with the deflection angle of upper vanes varying but at the constant rotational speed and the collective pitch angle of fan blades. Then, vane control performance and duct airload distributions were analyzed in detail to physically understand operating mechanisms of individual vane and interference effect between duct and vanes. Finally, new control concept of operating upper vanes has been proposed to improve the control performance of the full configuration. It is found that the side force and rolling moment of upper vanes increase linearly with the variation of those deflection angle; however, the total side force is significantly small due to the reaction force acted on the duct. It is also found that upper vanes close to the duct contraction side have a key role in changing vane control forces. It is revealed that the duct suction pressure is induced by the interaction with the suction side of upper vanes, while duct pressure recovery by the interaction with the pressure side, leading to increase in duct asymmetric force. When four upper vanes are kept in situ at 0° deflection angle or removed, the total control performance was improved with duct asymmetric force reduced and the total magnitude of roll remarkably increasing up to 80%.

본 연구에서는 덕트 팬-상/하부 베인의 제자리 비행 공력 특성에 관한 수치적 연구를 수행하였다. 일정한 회전 속도, 블레이드 콜렉티브 피치각에서 상부 베인 꺾임각 변화에 따른 시스템 구성 요소별 공력 민감도를 분석하였다. 개별 베인 작동 메커니즘과 덕트-베인 공력 상호 간섭의 물리적 특성을 파악하고자 베인의 조종 성능과 덕트 공력하중 분포를 상세히 분석하였다. 마지막으로, 전기체의 조종 성능 개선을 위해 상부 베인의 새로운 작동 메커니즘을 제안하였다. 상부 베인 꺾임각 변화에 따라 상부 베인 측력과 롤링 모멘트는 선형 증가하였으나, 전기체 측력은 덕트에서 작용하는 반력에 의해 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 또한 덕트 수축부 가까이 위치한 상부 베인이 조종 성능 변화에 가장 큰 역할을 하였다. 덕트와 상부 베인 흡입면의 공력 상호 간섭에 의해 덕트의 음압이, 덕트와 상부 베인의 압력면 공력 상호 간섭에 의해 압력 회복이 발생하여 덕트의 비대칭 공력 증가의 원인이 되었다. 4개의 상부 베인을 0°로 고정시키거나 제거했을 때, 덕트의 비대칭 공력은 감소하고, 전기체의 롤링 모멘트는 80%까지 증가하여 공력 성능이 개선되었다.

Keywords

References

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