KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Effect of Different Sowing Dates on the Yield-related Traits and Seed Yield of Sesame

파종시기에 따른 참깨 수량구성요소 및 수량에 미치는 영향

  • Shim, Kang Bo (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Shin, Myoung Na (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeon, Won Tae (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Han, Arum (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 심강보 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 신명나 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 전원태 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 한아름 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부)
  • Received : 2021.08.31
  • Accepted : 2021.11.11
  • Published : 2021.12.01
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Abstract

The yield potential of sesame depends on genetic factor, environmental factor, genetic × environmental interaction, as well as agronomic factors such as sowing date, planting density or seed rate for sowing. The main aim of this study was to analyze the effects of different sowing dates on the yield-related traits and total seed weight of sesame. The analysis of variance revealed that different sowing dates affected sesame yield-related traits such as plant height, number of branch per plant, number of capsule per plant, 1,000-seed weight, and total seed weight. Early or late sowing date showed negative effect of yield-related sesame traits and total seed weight. Optimum sowing date for sesame in the middle region of Korean peninsula was May 10th, in which total seed yield recorded 90 kg per 10 are. Path-coefficient analysis revealed that the number of capsule per plant and plant height were major factors that affected the total seed weight of sesame across different sowing dates.

파종시기를 달리하여 참깨 수량구성요소 및 종실수량에 미치는 영향과 수량구성요소 간 상호 연관성을 구명하고자 2019부터 2020년까지 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 참깨를 만파하면 기본적인 생육량이 확보되지 않은 상태에서 생식생장으로 전환되어 초장, 분지수, 주당삭수의 감소로 궁극적으로는 총 종실 수량이 감소하였으며, 조파 시 저온으로 인한 유효적산온도 및 일조시간 확보 불충분으로 총 종실 수량이 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 2. 우리나라 기상조건에서 참깨 파종적기인 5월 상순에 파종하면 평균 주당삭수는 103개로 다른 파종기보다 4~44개 정도 많았으며 종실수량도 90 kg/10a으로 다른 파종 기대비 5~70 kg정도 많았다. 3. 회귀분석을 통한 참깨 수량구성요소의 종실수량에 대한 연관성 정도를 비교하여 본 결과 주당삭수가 가장 크게(R2=0.7211) 나타났으며 분지수(R2=0.1896)가 가장 적었다. 이러한 차이는 온도나 일장 등 재배환경에 대한 수량구성요소의 감응도 차이, 관련요인 간 상호작용, 공시품종의 일장 및 온도반응성 정도 등 복합적인 요인이 관여하는 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 경로분석을 통해 참깨 총 종실수량에 미치는 직접효과는 주당삭수 0.621, 초장 0.521, 천립중 0.086 순으로 크게 나타났다. 직접효과와 간접효과를 합한 총 효과는 주당삭수가 0.921로 가장 높았으며 초장 0.889, 분지수 0.482, 천립중 0.345 순으로 나타났다. 따라서 조파, 만파 시 불량 기상환경조건에서 주당삭수를 많이 확보할 수 있는 품종 선정이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 작물시험연구사업(공동연구과제명 : 중북부지역 적용 참깨 재배시기 다양화 생리생태 반응성 분석, 공동연구 과제번호 : PJ01427802)의 지원에 의해 수행되었다.

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