참고문헌
- Jansen JP, Hoozemans MJ, van der Beek AJ, Frings-Dresen MH. Evaluation of ergonomic adjustments of catering carts to reduce external pushing forces. Appl Ergon 2002;33(2):117-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00002-9
- da Costa BR, Vieira ER. Risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review of recent longitudinal studies. Am J Ind Med 2010;53(3):285-323. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20750
- Hoogendoorn WE, van Poppel MNM, Bongers PM, Koes BW, Bouter LM. Physical load during work and leisure time as risk factors for back pain. Scand J Work Environ Health 1999;25(5):387-403. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.451
- Chaffin DB, Andersson G, Martin BJ. Occupational biomechanics. New York: Wiley; 1999.
- Baril-Gingras G, Lortie M. The handling of objects other than boxes: univariate analysis of handling techniques in a large transport company. Ergonomics 1995;38(5):905-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139508925159
- Kumar S. Upper body push-pull strength of normal young adults in sagittal plane at three heights. Int J Ind Ergon 1995;15(6):427-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8141(94)00062-8
- Snook SH. The design of manual handling tasks. Ergonomics 1978;21(12):963-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140137808931804
- Garg A, Moore JS. Epidemiology of low-back pain in industry. Occup Med 1992;7(4):593-608.
- Hoozemans MJ, van der Beek AJ, Frings-Dresen MH, van Dijk FJ, van der Woude LH. Pushing and pulling in relation to musculoskeletal disorders: a review of risk factors. Ergonomics 1998;41(6):757-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/001401398186621
- Winkel J. On the manual handling of wide-body carts used by cabin attendants in civil aircraft. Appl Ergon 1983;14(3):162-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(83)90077-7
- Engels JA, Van Der Gulden J, Senden TF, van't Hof B. Work related risk factors for musculoskeletal complaints in the nursing profession: results of a questionnaire survey. Occup Environ Med 1996;53(9):636-41. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.53.9.636
- Snook SH, Ciriello VM. The design of manual handling tasks: revised tables of maximum acceptable weights and forces. Ergonomics 1991;34(9):1197-213. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139108964855
- Kuorinka I. Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). A reference book for prevention; 1995. p. 46-53.
- Hashim N, Kamat SR, Halim I, Othman MS. A study on push-pull analysis associated with awkward posture among workers in aerospace industry. Age 2014;25(5).
- Meenaxi T, Sudha B. Causes of musculoskeletal disorder in textile industry. Int Res J Soc Sci 2012;1(4):48-50.
- Lind CM. Pushing and pulling: an assessment tool for occupational health and safety practitioners. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2018;24(1):14-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2016.1258811
- Cole DC, Van Eerd D, Bigelow P, Rivilis I. Integrative interventions for MSDs: nature, evidence, challenges & directions. J Occup Rehabil 2006;16(3):351-66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-006-9032-5
- Nimbarte AD, Sun Y, Jaridi M, Hsiao H. Biomechanical loading of the shoulder complex and lumbosacral joints during dynamic cart pushing task. Appl Ergon 2013;44(5):841-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2013.02.008
- Lett KK, McGill SM. Pushing and pulling: personal mechanics influence spine loads. Ergonomics 2006;49(9):895-908. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130600665869
- Bennett A, Todd A, Desai S. Pushing and pulling, technique and load effects: an electromyographical study. Work 2011;38(3):291-9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-2011-1132
- Chaffin DB. Manual materials handling and the biomechanical basis for prevention of low-back pain in industrydan overview. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1987;48(12):989-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298668791385967
- Thelen DG, Ashton-Miller JA, Schultz AB. Lumbar muscle activities in rapid three-dimensional pulling tasks. Spine 1996;21(5):605-13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199603010-00014
- Argubi-Wollesen A, Wollesen B, Leitner M, Mattes K. Human body mechanics of pushing and pulling: analyzing the factors of task-related strain on the musculoskeletal system. Saf Health Work 2017;8(1):11-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.07.003
- The Center for Ergonomics of University of Michigan. 3D static strength prediction program [Internet]. [cited 2017 Sep 2]. Available from: https://c4e engin.umich.edu/tools-services/3dsspp-software/.
- Cakit E. Ergonomic assessment of airport shuttle driver tasks using an ergonomic analysis toolset. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2018;24(2):286-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2016.1276703
- Wiggermann N. Biomechanical evaluation of a bed feature to assist in turning and laterally repositioning patients. Hum Factor. 2016;58(5):748-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720815612625
- Tafazzol A, Aref S, Mardani M, Haddad O, Parnianpour M. Epidemiological and biomechanical evaluation of airline baggage handling. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2016;22(2):218-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2015.1126457
- Gutierrez M, Monzo J. Prevalence of low back disorders among female workers and biomechanical limits on the handling of load and patients. Work 2012;41(Suppl. 1):2364-9. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-2012-0466-2364
- Cooper G, Ghassemieh E. Risk assessment of patient handling with ambulance stretcher systems (ramp/(winch), easi-loader, tail-lift) using biomechanical failure criteria. Med Eng Phys 2007;29(7):775-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2006.08.008
- Botti L, Galizia FG, Mora C, Zecchi G. A thorough investigation on pushing activities in industry: the impact of the variation in the speed of motion and load conditions on initial and sustained forces. Appl Ergon 2020;85:103080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103080
- The effect of speed variation on initial and sustained forces during pushing and pulling activities: a preliminary study. In: Botti L, Mora C, Zecchi G, Baruffaldi G, editors. international conference on applied human factors and ergonomics. Springer; 2018.
- Giagloglou E, Radenkovic M, Brankovic S, Antoniou P, Zivanovic-Macuzic I. Pushing, pulling and manoeuvring an industrial cart: a psychophysiological study. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2019;25(2):296-304. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2017.1370231
- El Ouaaid Z, Shirazi-Adl A, Plamondon A. Trunk response and stability in standing under sagittal-symmetric pullepush forces at different orientations, elevations and magnitudes. J Biomech 2018;70:166-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.10.008
- Lee J, Nussbaum MA, Kyung G. Effects of work experience on work methods during dynamic pushing and pulling. Int J Ind Ergon 2014;44(5):647-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2014.07.007
- Weston EB, Aurand A, Dufour JS, Knapik GG, Marras WS. Biomechanically determined hand force limits protecting the low back during occupational pushing and pulling tasks. Ergonomics 2018;61(6):853-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2017.1417643
- Lee KS, Chaffin DB, Herrin G, Waikar A. Effect of handle height on lower-back loading in cart pushing and pulling. Appl Ergon 1991;22(2):117-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(91)90310-E
- Ohnishi A, Takanokura M, Sugama A. Evaluation of interhandle distance during pushing and pulling of a four-caster cart for upper limb exertion. Saf Health Work 2016;7(3):237-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.01.005
- Kim CS, Lee D, Kwon S, Chung MK. Effects of ramp slope, ramp height and users' pushing force on performance, muscular activity and subjective ratings during wheelchair driving on a ramp. Int J Ind Ergon 2014;44(5):636-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2014.07.001
- Kao HC, Lin CJ, Lee YH, Chen SH. The effects of direction of exertion, path, and load placement in nursing cart pushing and pulling tasks: an electromyographical study. PloS One 2015;10(10).
- Kuorinka I, Jonsson B, Kilbom A, Vinterberg H, Biering-Sorensen F, Andersson G, Jorgensen K. Standardised Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Appl Ergon 1987;18(3):233-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(87)90010-X
- Oxford Metrics plc company. Plug-in gait full body model [Internrt]. [cited 2017 Sep 10]. Available from: https://docs.vicon.com/display/Nexus25/Take+subject+measurements+for+Plug-in+Gait#TakesubjectmeasurementsforPlug-inGait-SubjectmeasurementsforPlug-inGaitfullbodymodel.
- Blazquez IN, Warren BL, O'Hanlon AM, Silvestri LR. An adequate interset rest period for strength recovery during a common isokinetic test. J Strength Cond Res 2013;27(7):1981-7. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182764d70
- Parcell AC, Sawyer RD, Tricoli VA, Chinevere TD. Minimum rest period for strength recovery during a common isokinetic testing protocol. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34(6):1018-22. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200206000-00018
- Knapik GG, Marras WS. Spine loading at different lumbar levels during pushing and pulling. Ergonomics 2009;52(1):60-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130802480828
- National Institute for Occupational Safety. Work practices guide for manual lifting: US dept. Of health and human services. Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science; 1981.
- McGill SM. Low back disorders: evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation. Human Kinetics; 2015.