Advances in concrete construction

  • 제9권6호
  • /
  • Pages.547-556
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 2287-5301(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-531X(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of reference materials for cement paste

  • Lee, Dong Kyu (National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Myoung Sung (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dankook University)
  • 투고 : 2020.04.03
  • 심사 : 2020.03.23
  • 발행 : 2020.06.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study aimed to develop reference materials (RMs) that are chemically stable and can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste. To this end, the candidate components of RMs were selected considering the currently required properties of RMs. Limestone, slag, silica, and kaolin were selected as substitutes for cement, while glycerol and corn syrup were selected as matrix fluids. Moreover, distilled water was used for mixing. To select the combinations of materials that meet all the required properties of RMs, flow characteristics were first analyzed. The results revealed that silica and kaolin exhibited bilateral nonlinearity. When an analysis was conducted over time, slag exhibited chemical reactions, including strength development. Moreover, fungi were observed in all mixtures with corn syrup. On the other hand, the combination of limestone, glycerol, and water exhibited a performance that met all the required properties of RMs. Thus, limestone, glycerol, and water were selected as the components of the RMs. When the influence of each component of the RMs on flow characteristics was analyzed, it was found that limestone affects the yield value, while the ratio of water and glycerol affects the plastic viscosity. Based on this, it was possible to select the mixing ratios for the RMs that can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste under each mixing ratio. This relationship was established as an equation, which was verified under various mixing ratios. Finally, when the flow characteristics were analyzed under various temperature conditions, cement paste and the RMs exhibited similar tendencies in terms of flow characteristics. This indicated that the combinations of the selected materials could be used as RMs that can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste with constant quality under various mixing ratio conditions and construction environment conditions.

키워드

과제정보

This research was supported by a grant(20AUDP-B106327-06) from Architecture & Urban Development Research Program funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean Government.

참고문헌

  1. Bauchkar, S.D. and Chore, H.S. (2017), "Experimental studies on rheological properties of smart dynamic concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 5(3), 183-199. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2017.5.3.183.
  2. Bauchkar, S.D. and Chore, H.S. (2018), "Effect of PCE superplasticizers on rheological and strength properties of high strength self-consolidating concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 6(6), 561-583. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2018.6.6.561.
  3. Choi, M.S., Kim, Y.J., Jang, K.P. and Kwoon, S.H. (2014), "Effect of the coarse aggregate size on pipe flow of pumped concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 66, 723-730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.027.
  4. Cross, M.M. (1979), "Relation between viscoelasticity and shear-thinning behavior in liquids", J. Rheol. Acta, 18, 609-614. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01520357.
  5. Eugene Cook Bingham (1922), Fluidity and Plasticity, Mcgraw-Hill Book Co, Inc.
  6. Fall, A., Bertrand, F., Ovarlez, G. and Bonn, D. (2012), "Shear thickening of cornstarch suspensions", J. Rheol., 56, 575-591. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.3696875.
  7. Farris, R.J. (1968), "Prediction of the viscosity of multi-modal suspensions from unimodal viscosity data", Tran. Soc. Rheol., 12, 281-301. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549109.
  8. Fernandez-Altable, V. and Casanova, I. (2006), "Influence of mixing sequence and superplasticiser dosage on the rheological response of cement pastes at different temperatures", Cement Concrete Res., 36(7), 1222-1230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.02.016.
  9. Ferraris, C.F. (1999), "Measurement of the rheological properties of cement paste, A new approach", Proceedings of the RILEM International Symposium on the Role of Admixtures in High Performance Concrete Monterrey, Mexico, 21-26.
  10. Ferraris, C.F. and Gaidis, J.M. (1992), "Connection between the rheology of concrete and rheology of cement paste", ACI Mater. J., 89, 388-393.
  11. Ferraris, C.F., Billberg, P., Ferron, R., Feys, D., Hu, J., Kawashima, S., Koehler, E., Sonebi, M., Tanesi, J. and Tregger, N. (2017), "Role of rheology in achieving successful concrete performance", Concrete Int., 39. 43-51.
  12. Ferraris, C.F., Brower, L.E., Banfill, P., Beaupre, D., Chapdelaine, F., de Larrard, F., ... & Wallevik, O. (2001), Comparison of Concrete Rheometers: International Test at LCPC (Nantes, France) in October, US Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  13. Ferraris, C.F., Obla, K.H. and Hill, R. (2001), "The influence of mineral admixtures on the rheology of cement paste and concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 31(2), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00454-3.
  14. Ferraris, C.F., Stutzman, P.E., Guthrie, W.F. and Winpigler, J. (2012), Certification of SRM 2492: Bingham Paste Mixture for Rheological Measurements, SP-260-174_Rev. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  15. Feys, D., Cepuritis, R., Jacobsen, S., Lesage, K., Secrieru, E. and Yahia, A. (2017), "Measuring rheological properties of cement paste. Most common techniques, procedures and challenges", RILEM Tech. Lett., 2, 129-135. https://doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.43
  16. Han, C.G., Lee, G.C. and Heo, Y.S. (2006), "A comparison study between evaluation method on the rheological properties of cement paste", J. Korea Inst. Build. Constr., 21, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.5345/JKIC.2006.6.3.075.
  17. Hwang, H.J., Lee, S.H. and Lee, W.J. (2007), "Effect of particle size distribution of binder on the rheological properties of slag cement pastes", J. Korea Ceram. Soc., 44, 6-11. https://doi.org/10.4191/KCERS.2007.44.1.006.
  18. Hwang, S.Y., Lee, H.K. and Kang, B.H. (1998), "A study on the applicability of high-workable concrete in field", J. Korea Soc. Civil Eng., 14, 71-78.
  19. Jang, K.P., Kime, W.H., Choi, M.S. and Kwon, S.H. (2018), "A new method to estimate rheological properties of lubricating layer for prediction of concrete pumping", Adv. Concrete Constr., 6(3), 465-483. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2018.6.5.465.
  20. Kasai, T. (1996), "Effect of temperature on rheological property of fresh cement paste in high flowing concrete", Soc. Mater. Sci., 45(2), 230-234. https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.45.230
  21. Khandavalli, S. and Rothstein, J.P. (2014), "Extensional rheology of shear-thickening fumed silica nano-particles dispersed in an aqueous polyethylene oxide solution", J. Rheol., 58, 411-431. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4864620.
  22. Kolani, B., Lacarriere, L.B., Sellier, A., Escadeillas, G., Boutillon, L. and Linger, L. (2012), "Hydration of slag-blended cements", Cement Concrete Compos., 34, 1009-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.05.007.
  23. Kourounis, S., Tsivilis, S., Tsakiridis, P.E., Papadimitriou, G.D. and Tsibouki, Z. (2007), "Properties and hydration of blended cements with steel making slag", Cement Concrete Res., 37, 815-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.03.008.
  24. Kulasegarm, S., Karihaloo, B.L. and Ghanbari, A. (2011), "Modeling the flow of self-compacting concrete", Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech., 35, 713-723. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.924.
  25. Lee, D.K. and Choi, M.S. (2018), "Standard reference materials for cement paste, Part I: suggestion of constituent materials based on rheological analysis", J. Mater., 11(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040624.
  26. Lee, D.K. and Choi, M.S. (2018), "Standard reference materials for cement paste, Part II: determination of mixing ratios", J. Mater., 11(5), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11050861.
  27. Lee, D.K. and Choi, M.S. (2018), "Standard reference materials for cement paste, Part III: analysis of the flow characteristics for the developed standard reference material according to temperature change", J. Mater., 11(10), 2001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11102001.
  28. Lee, D.K., Lee, K.W. and Choi, M.S. (2018), "Study on filling capacity of self-consolidating concrete for modular lng storage tank", J. Korean Soc. Saf., 33(6), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2018.33.6.50.
  29. Lee, D.K., Lee, K.W., Park, G.J., Kim, S.W., Park, J.J., Kim, Y.J. and Choi, M.S. (2018), "Guideline for filling performance of concrete for modular LNG storage tanks", J. Korean Soc. Saf., 33(2), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2018.33.2.86.
  30. Lee, K.W., Lee, H.J. and Choi, M.S. (2019), "Evaluation of 3D concrete printing performance from a rheological perspective", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(2). 155-163. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.2.155.
  31. Nehdi, M., Mindess, S. and Aitcin, P.C. (1998), "Rheology of high performance concrete: Effect of ultrafine particles", Cement Concrete Res., 28, 687-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00022-2.
  32. Petit, J.Y., Wirquin, E. and Khayat, K.H. (2010), "Effect of temperature on the rheology of flowable mortars", Cement Concrete Compos., 32(1), 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.10.003.
  33. Poslinski, A.J., Ryan, M.E., Gupta, R.K., Seshadri, S.G. and Frechette, F.J. (1988), "Rheological behavior of filled polymeric systems I. Yield stress and shear-thinning effects", J. Rheol., 32(7), 703-735. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549987.
  34. Rossler, C., Eberhardt, A., Kucerova, H. and Moser, B. (2008), "Influence of hydration on the fluidity of normal Portland cements pastes", Cement Concrete Res., 38(7), 897-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.03.003.
  35. Roussel, N. (2007), "Rheology of fresh concrete: from measurements to predictions of casting processes", Mater. Struct., 40(10), 1001-1012. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9313-2.
  36. Roussel, N., Lemaitre, A., Flatt, R.J. and Coussot, P. (2010), "Steady state flow of cement suspensions. A micro mechanical state of the art", Cement Concrete Res., 40, 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.026.
  37. Struble, L.J. and Lei, W.G. (1995), "Rheological changes associated with setting of cement paste", Adv. Cement Bas. Mater., 2(6), 224-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/1065-7355(95)90041-1.
  38. Swindells, J.F., Hardy, R.C. and Cottington, R.L. (1954), "Precise measurement with Bingham viscometers and cannon master viscometers", J. Res. Nat. Bureau Stand., 52, 105-115. https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.052.016
  39. Tattersall, G.H. and Banfill, P.F. (1983), The Rheology of Fresh Concrete, Pitman, London, UK.
  40. Uchikawa, H., Ogawa, K. and Uchida, S. (1985), "Influence of character of clinker on the early hydration process and rheological property of cement paste", Cement Concrete Res., 15, 561-572. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(85)90053-5.
  41. Wallevik, J.E. (2009), "Rheological properties of cement paste: Thixotropic behavior and structural breakdown", Cement Concrete Res., 39, 14-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.10.001.
  42. Wu, D., Fall, M. and Cai, S. (2013), "Coupling temperature, cement hydration and rheological behavior of fresh cemented paste backfill", Miner. Eng., 42, 76-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2012.11.011.