Safety and Health at Work

Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (산업안전보건연구원)
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Mediating Effects of Burnout in the Association Between Emotional Labor and Turnover Intention in Korean Clinical Nurses

  • Back, Chi-Yun (Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Hyun, Dae-Sung (Department of Biostatistics & Computing, Graduate School of Yonsei University) ;
  • Jeung, Da-Yee (Department of Dental Hygiene, Hanyang Women's University) ;
  • Chang, Sei-Jin (Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2019.08.09
  • Accepted : 2020.01.14
  • Published : 2020.03.30
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Abstract

Background: The current lack of the number of nurses and high nurse turnover rate leads to major problems for the health-care system in terms of cost, patient care ability, and quality of care. Theoretically, burnout may help link emotional labor with turnover intention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of burnout in the association between emotional labor and turnover intention in Korean clinical nurses. Methods: Using data collected from a sample of 606 nurses from six Korean hospitals, we conducted a multiple regression analysis to determine the relationships among clinical nurses' emotional labor, burnout, and turnover intention, looking at burnout as a mediator. Results: The results fully and partially support the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between the subfactors of emotional labor and turnover intention. In particular, burnout partially mediated the relationship between emotional disharmony and hurt, organizational surveillance and monitoring, and lack of a supportive and protective system in the organization. In addition, we found that burnout has a significant full mediation effect on the relationship between overload and conflicts in customer service and turnover intention. Although the mediating effect of burnout was significantly associated with the demands and regulation of emotions, no significant effects on turnover intention were found. Conclusion: To reduce nurses' turnover, we recommend developing strategies that target both burnout and emotional labor, given that burnout fully and partially mediated the effects of emotional labor on turnover intention, and emotional labor was directly associated with turnover intention.

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References

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