DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of the Characteristics of the Manchu-Mongol Alliance during the Qing Dynasty Era

청대만몽동맹관계(淸代滿懜同盟關係) 특징에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2019.12.20
  • Accepted : 2020.01.14
  • Published : 2020.01.31

Abstract

This study concerns of how the Qing dynasty overcame the national inferiority on the process of the Ming-Qing war in the East Asia during the early 17th century. Historically the Qing came forward in succession the total 12 Emperors whose posthumouses were recorded according to a respective independent system. These studies will be commented the alliance between Manchurian and Mongolian tribes. As the researching result, it will be commented that the Qing's emperors possessed the names of the Emperor of Han's race, Khan of Mongolian tribe, Han of Manchurian clan at the same time. Furthermore in other to follow the war against the Ming dynasty the Qing dynasty promoted positively the strategic alliance through the marriage connection with Mongolian royal family. And the Qing dynasty succeeded in organizing the Military Eight Banners so that Qing dynasty could utilize the reorganized social civilian groups into the avaliable groups to the battle. Thus this Eight Banners were comprehended all members who were not only the Mongolian clans allianced but also the submitted soldiers from the Ming in the war.

본 논문의 국어제목은 "청대만몽동맹관계(淸代滿懜同盟關係) 특징에 관한 연구"이다. 본 연구는 17세기 초반 동아시아 명청전쟁이 진행되는 과정에서 청나라를 건국한 만주족이 어떻게 국력의 열세를 극복하였는지에 관해 서술하였다. 청나라는 총 12명의 황제를 배출하였다. 그 시호들을 살펴보면 한족의 이름, 몽골족의 이름, 만주족의 이름이 각각 독립된 개체로써 기록된다. 본론에서는 만주족들이 몽골과의 동맹에 대해 서술될 것이다. 연구결과, 만주족의 건주여진들은 명나라와의 전쟁을 진행하기 위해 몽골귀족들과 혼인을 통해 전략적인 동맹을 맺었다. 또한 팔기제도라는 것을 통해 사회구성원들을 전투에 최적화된 집단으로 재편하는데 성공했다. 이 팔기군 안에는 동맹을 맺은 몽골족과 전투중인 명나라의 귀순병들까지 포함시켜 명나라와 대적할 만한 전투 집단을 만들었다. 만주족들은 이 팔기제도와 몽골과의 혼인동맹을 통해 경제적으로나 군사적으로도 열세였던 명나라를 제압하고 결국에는 중국 전체를 통일하는 저력을 발휘했다.

Keywords

References

  1. Chan Bok Lee(2010). Viewpoint of Sino-Barbarian in the earlier Qing period and the Amalgamation of Manchu-Han in the Qing Period.
  2. Young Goo Bae and Gi Woong Choi(2016). National Security Lessons to Learn from the Byoungjahoran (丙子胡亂).
  3. Gi Sik Ro(2000). The Expansion of the Manchu-Mongol Anti-Liqdan League and Hontaiji's Exploitation.
  4. Sang Hyun Shin(2014). A Study on "beye i cooha bade yabuha babe ejehe bithe" of Classic Materials Written in Manchurian Language. 중국학논총 2014, vol., no.44, pp. 159-183.
  5. Sun Min Kim(2014). The Eight Banners and the Choson Trade in the Early Qing Period. 史叢(사총) 2014, vol., no.82, pp. 123-154.
  6. Ishibashi Takao(2000). "The Great Qing Empire". pp.102-112. Seoul: Humanist.
  7. Jang Han Sik(2015). A Barbarian: Hongtaiji gets the whole country. pp. 26-35. Seoul: Sansuya.
  8. Chan Jie Xian(2015). "Nurhaci, Who built the Qing Dynasty. pp. 169-197. Seoul: Dolbege.
  9. Sun Min Kim(2008). Liadong and Nurhaci: The Triangular Relations between Jurchens, Ming and Choson, vol., no.55, pp. 207-245.
  10. Yun Soon Kim(2014). The Combined Process of Nurhaci in Hulun Four Tribes and the Founding of Later Jin. KANGWON SAHAK vol., no.26, pp. 147-172.
  11. Hun Lee(2018). The Later Jin attack on the Warka in 1635. JHAS. vol., no.142, pp. 71-120.
  12. Hyun Sik Lee(2008). A study of The argument on one of the grandest sights of Qing dynasty(第一壯觀) in Yeolha-ilgi(熱河日記, the diary of a journey into Beijing and Chengde) of an article about the Sinic civilization of Qing dynasty and the necessity of introducing it. 동방학지 vol., no.144, pp. 433-469.
  13. Kyeoung Lok Kim(2018). International situation of Northeast Asia in Mid-Seventeenth-Century and The Manchu-Joseon Expeditions to the Amur. Yeol-sang Journal of Classical Studies. vol., no.65, pp. 11-51.
  14. Byoung Hak Cho(2008). A Study on Chakhar Mongol's Emigration to Xin-Jiang Chin. Mongolian Studies (MS) vol.0, no.24, pp. 227-268. https://doi.org/10.17292/KAMS.2008.0.24.008
  15. Sung Soo Kim(2013). Manchu-Mongolian Relationship during the early 17th century. The Journal of Chinese Historical Rsearches. vol., no.82, pp. 61-92.