Journal of Radiation Protection and Research

  • 제45권1호
  • /
  • Pages.35-44
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 2508-1888(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2466-2461(eISSN)
대한방사선방어학회 (The Korean Association for Radiation Protection)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of a Virtual Frisch-Grid CZT Detector Based on the Array Structure

  • Kim, Younghak (Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Wonho (School of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University)
  • 투고 : 2020.02.12
  • 심사 : 2020.03.10
  • 발행 : 2020.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Background: Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) is a promising material because of a high detection efficiency, good energy resolution, and operability at room temperature. However, the cost of CZT dramatically increases as its size increases. In this study, to achieve a large effective volume with relatively low cost, an array structure comprised of individual virtual Frisch-grid CZT detectors was proposed. Materials and Methods: The prototype consisted of 2 × 2 CZTs, a holder, anode and cathode printed circuit boards (PCBs), and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). CZTs were used and the non-contacting shielding electrode method was applied for virtual Frisch-grid effect. An ASIC was used, and the holder and the PCBs were fabricated. In the current system, because the CZTs formed a common cathode, a total of 5 channels were assigned for data processing. Results and Discussion: An experiment using 137Cs at room temperature was conducted for 10 minutes. Energy and timing information was acquired and the depth of interaction was calculated by the timing difference between the signals of both electrodes. Based on obtained three-dimensional position information, the energy correction was carried out, and as a result the energy spectra showed the improvements. In addition, a Compton image was reconstructed using the iterative method. Conclusion: The virtual Frisch-grid CZT detector based on the array structure was developed and the energy spectra and the Compton image were successfully acquired.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Sordo SD, Abbene L, Caroli E, Mancini AM, Zappettini A, Ubertini P. Progress in the development of CdTe and CdZnTe semiconductor radiation detectors for astrophysical and medical applications. Sensors (Basel). 2009;9:3491-3526. https://doi.org/10.3390/s90503491
  2. He Z. Review of the Shockley-Ramo theorem and its application in semiconductor gamma-ray detectors. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 2001;463:250-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00223-6
  3. He Z, Li W, Knoll GF, Wehe DK, Berry J, Stahle CM. 3-D position sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometers. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 1999;422:173-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00950-4
  4. Luke PN. Unipolar charge sensing with coplanar electrodes-application to semiconductor detectors. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 1995; 42:207-213. https://doi.org/10.1109/23.467848
  5. McGregor DS, He Z, Seifert HA, Wehe DK, Rojeski RA. Single charge carrier type sensing with a parallel strip pseudo-Frischgrid CdZnTe semiconductor radiation detector. Appl Phys Lett. 1998;72:792-794. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.120895
  6. Kim Y, Lee T, Lee W. Radiation measurement and imaging using 3D position sensitive pixelated CZT detector. Nucl Eng Technol. 2019;51:1417-1427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2019.03.009
  7. Bolotnikov AE, Camarda GS, Cui Y, Egarievwe SU, Fochuk PM, Fuerstnau M, et al. Array of virtual Frisch-grid CZT detectors with common cathode readout and pulse-height correction. In: Proceedings of SPIE 7805: Hard X-ray, gamma-ray, and neutron detector physics XII. Bellingham, WA: International Society for Optics and Photonics; 2010.
  8. Bolotnikov AE, Butcher J, Camarda GS, Cui Y, De Geronimo G, Fried J, et al. Array of virtual Frisch-grid CZT detectors with common cathode readout for correcting charge signals and rejection of incomplete charge-collection events. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 2012;59:1544-1551. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2012.2187932
  9. Bolotnikov AE, Ackley K, Camarda GS, Cherches C, Cui Y, De Geronimo G, et al. An array of virtual Frisch-grid CdZnTe detectors and a front-end application-specific integrated circuit for large-area position-sensitive gamma-ray cameras. Rev Sci Instrum. 2015;86:073114. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4927455
  10. Pike SN, Harrison FA, Burnham JA, Cook WW, Grefenstette BW, Madsen KK, et al. Characterization of Redlen CZT detectors for x-ray astronomy. In: Proceedings of SPIE 10709: High energy, optical, and infrared detectors for astronomy VIII. Bellingham, WA: International Society for Optics and Photonics; 2018.
  11. Volkovskii A, Clajus M, Gottesman SR, Malik H, Schwartz K, Tumer E, et al. Design of a coded aperture Compton telescope imaging system (CACTIS). In: Proceedings of SPIE 7805: Hard XRay, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XII. Bellingham, WA: International Society for Optics and Photonics; 2010.
  12. Lehner CE, He Z, Zhang F. $4{\pi}$ Compton imaging using a 3-D position-sensitive CdZnTe detector via weighted list-mode maximum likelihood. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 2004;51:1618-1624. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2004.832573
  13. Xu D. Gamma-ray imaging and polarization measurement using 3-D positionsensitive CdZnTe detectors [dissertation]. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan; 2006.
  14. Kim YH, Lee T, Lee W. Double-layered CZT Compton imager. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 2017;64:1769-1773. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2016.2632977