Journal of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회지)

Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회)
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Determinants of Seafarers' Employment Stability

외항선원 고용형태 결정요인에 관한 연구

  • Lee, Tae-Hwee (Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 이태휘 (경남과학기술대학교 상경대학 유통학과)
  • Received : 2020.07.17
  • Accepted : 2020.11.14
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Like most developed countries, South Korea is experiencing a severe lack of seafarers. Because young people's demands for a high quality of life has led them to seek shore-based careers. The wage difference between seafaring and shore-based careers has been decreasing gradually, however South Korea's unique Boarding Service Reserve System Policy has helped recruit and retain young sailors and, since 2017, the government has focused on creating new jobs and stabilizing the status of irregular workers in both private and public sectors. It specifically established the Economic, Social & Labor Council to carefully analyze seafarers' employment stability, which previously had been overlooked in the country. This research used the Binary Logit Model (BLM) to analyze the determinants of seafarers' employment stability in both permanent and non-permanent positions. We found that seafarers' employment stability correlated highly with their education level. This means that seafarers who graduated from the above mentioned two maritime universities would have more job stablity than those who graduated from maritime high schools or general universities. Other independent variables, such as the shipping company, vessel, hip management companies, work assignment, rank, and license had no significant impact on employment stability.

승선 환경의 폐쇄성과 이사회성, 선내 규율의 엄격함 등으로 청년들은 선원직을 기피하고 있다. 우리나라는 승선근무예비역제도라는 특수한 제도가 존재해 청년들을 선원직으로 유인하고 있지만, 이 제도마저 존립이 위태롭다. 최근의 선원 고용유형은 선박관리회사로부터 고용되어 선사에 파견되는 비정규직 형태가 대부분이다. 선박관리회사(SM)와 선원 간에 임시 고용계약을 맺고, SM이 선사에 선원을 파견하는 비정규직 고용형태가 유행하고 있다. 선원직 매력도가 떨어지고 있는 상황에도 2018년 발표된 국가 해운재건 5개년 계획에는 선박과 화물의 확보 방안만 담겨 있다. 이 논문의 핵심 내용은 이항로짓모형을 이용해 선원의 고용형태 결정요인을 분석하는 것이다. 분석 결과, 선원의 최종학력이 고용형태를 결정하는 요소로 나타난 반면, 소속선사 유형, 승선 선종, 소속 선박관리회사 유형, 근무 분야, 해기사 면허 소지 여부 등은 선원 고용형태 결정에 유의미한 변수가 아닌 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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