Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Analysis of Nectar Characteristics of Idesia polycarpa

유망 밀원수종 이나무의 화밀 특성 분석

  • Kim, Young Ki (Division of Special Forest Product, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Song, Jeong Ho (Division of Special Forest Product, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Park, Moon Su (Department of Forest Resources, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Mun Seop (Division of Special Forest Product, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 김영기 (국립산림과학원 산림소득자원연구과) ;
  • 송정호 (국립산림과학원 산림소득자원연구과) ;
  • 박문수 (순천대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 김문섭 (국립산림과학원 산림소득자원연구과)
  • Received : 2020.08.06
  • Accepted : 2020.09.16
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

We assessed the nectar source potential of a prospective honey plant, Idesia polycarpa, by analyzing nectar volume, free sugar content, and free amino acid content. Idesia polycarpa is a dioecious tree; the males bloom approximately four days earlier than females, and the blooming period is approximately 17 days-from March 14th to March 30th. Upon investigating the patterns of nectar secretion, it was found that male flowers peak on the third day of blooming at 5.0 ± 2.5 μL, and female flowers peak on the second day of blooming, at 1.1 ± 0.4 μL. There was a significant difference between males and females in the total nectar volume (9.7 ± 2.9 μL for males and 1.7 ± 0.5 μL for females) and the dried nectar volume (2.2 ± 0.6 μL for males, 0.8 ± 0.3 μL for females) during the blooming period. The free sugar content of floral nectar was 54.6 ± 15.4 ㎍/μL for males and 20.5 ± 4.9 ㎍/μL for females, and the sugar content per flower was higher in males (170.7 ± 15.4 ㎍) than in females (24.9 ± 5.5 ㎍). Our analysis of the amino acid content showed that 20.4 ± 3.9 mg/L (comprised of 19 amino acids) is produced in male flowers and 3.2 ± 0.1 mg/L (11 amino acids) in female flowers. In the male flower, the main amino acid was glutamine, followed by asparagine and proline, whereas in the female nectar, asparagine was the main amino acid, followed by glutamic acid and glutamine. Idesia polycarpa blooms after the blooming period of a major honey plant, Robinia pseudoacacia, and its nectar volume and nectar characteristics, such as free sugar content and amino acid content, make it a viable honey plant.

본 연구는 유망 밀원수종인 이나무를 대상으로 객관적인 밀원가치를 평가하기 위해 화밀분비량, 유리당 및 유리아미노산 함량을 분석하였다. 이나무는 암수딴그루로 수꽃이 암꽃보다 약 4일정도 빨리 개화하였고, 개화시기는 5월 14일부터 5월 30일까지 약 17일간 개화하는 것으로 조사되었다. 화밀분비 패턴을 조사한 결과 수꽃은 개화 3일차에 5.0 ± 2.5μL로 가장 높았고, 암꽃은 개화 2일차에 1.1 ± 0.4 μL로 가장 많이 분비되었다. 개화기간 동안 분비된 총 화밀량은 수꽃 9.7 ± 2.9 μL, 암꽃 1.7 ± 0.5 μL로 조사되었으며, 건조화밀량은 수꽃 2.2 ± 0.6 μL, 암꽃 0.8 ± 0.3 μL을 나타내어 암수 간 유의한 차이가 인정되었다. 화밀 내 유리당 함량은 수꽃 54.6 ± 15.4 ㎍/μL, 암꽃 20.5 ± 4.9 ㎍/μL으로 조사되었으며, 꽃 하나당 당 함량을 산출한 결과 수꽃 170.7 ± 15.4 ㎍, 암꽃 24.9 ± 5.5 ㎍으로 수꽃이 더 높음을 알 수 있었다. 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 수꽃은 19개 아미노산에서 20.4 ± 3.9 mg/L, 암꽃은 11개 아미노산에서 3.2 ± 0.1 mg/L가 검출되었으며, 수꽃의 경우 glutamine, asparagine, proline 순으로 높게 나타난 반면, 암꽃 화밀에서는 asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine 순으로 높게 조사되어 차이를 나타냈다. 이나무는 주요 밀원수종인 아까시나무의 개화 종료 후에 개화하고, 개화기간이 길며, 화밀 분비량과 화밀 내 유리당 및 아미노산 함량 등 화밀 특성을 고려할 때 밀원수종으로서 활용 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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