KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Effect of Climate on the Yield of Different Maturing Rice in the Yeongnam Inland Area over the Past 20 Years

영남내륙 지역 과거 20년간 기후와 벼 조만성별 쌀 수량 변화

  • Shin, Jong-Hee (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Han, Chae-Min (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kwon, Jung-Bae (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Kuk (Bioresources Research Institute)
  • 신종희 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 한채민 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 권중배 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 김상국 (경상북도농업기술원 생물자원연구소)
  • Received : 2019.07.19
  • Accepted : 2019.08.28
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between rice yield and climate elements in Daegu (southern plain area) and Andong (inland mountainous area) regions. Over the past 20 years, rice yield has increased in both regions. The rice yield of middle and mid-late maturing cultivars in the recent 5 years increased by about 10% and 18%, respectively, compared to that produced in the early 2000s in the Daegu region. In the Andong region, the rice yield of mid-late maturing rice cultivars in the recent 5 years was higher by about 7% than that of the early 2000s. The number of panicles per hill and grain ripening rate significantly affected rice yield in mid-late maturing cultivars. In addition, the grain weight and grain ripening rate significantly affected rice production in middle maturing cultivars grown in the Daegu region. With regard to the middle maturing cultivars, the relationship between grain weight and rice yield had a positive significant correlation in both regions. To understand the effect of climate factors on rice yield, the milled rice yield of several rice cultivars produced over the past 20 years (1999-2018) at both locations, Daegu and Andong, were evaluated. The rice yields increased owing to long sunshine duration during the grain filling stage in the Daegu region. In Andong, rising maximum temperature during the vegetative stage increased rice yield of early and mid-late maturing cultivars. Long sunshine hours increased yield of mid-late maturing cultivars in both regions.

본 연구는 영남내륙에 속하는 대구 및 안동 지역의 벼 수량에 영향을 미치는 수량구성요소와 기상요소를 파악하고자 하였다. 과거 20년간 이들 지역의 기상변화를 분석한 결과 벼 재배기간 중 평균기온은 대구지역보다 안동지역에서 $+0.9^{\circ}C/10$년으로 2배 이상의 상승폭을 보였다. 이는 생식생장기의 기온상승이 주요 원인으로 분석되었다. 강수량은 감소한 반면 누적 일조시수는 현저하게 증가하였는데 특히 안동지역의 일조시수 증가 폭이 컸다. 대구의 쌀 수량성은 꾸준히 증가하여 2000년 초반 5년 평균 수량보다 최근 5년간 평균수량이 중만생종의 경우 18% 정도 현저한 수량 증가를 보였다. 벼 수량과 수량구성요소의 관계를 분석한 결과 대구지역 중생종의 수량 증가는 현미천립중과 등숙율의 증가가 주요 요인으로 작용하였으며, 중만생종의 경우 포기당 이삭수, 등숙율 및 제현율의 증가가 쌀 수량 증가에 영향을 미친 것으로 분석되었다. 안동의 경우는 중생, 중만생종에서 천립 중의 증가가 수량증가의 요인으로 분석되었다. 벼 수량과 기후요소와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 대구지역에서 재배된 중만생종 벼의 쌀 수량은 등숙기의 일조시수와 높은 상관을 보였다. 안동지역 중만생종은 영양생장기 최고기온과 생육전반 일조시수의 증가가 수량에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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