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Analysis of Forestry Household Income Inequality using Gini Coefficient Decomposition by Income Sources

소득원천별 지니계수 분해법을 이용한 임가의 소득불평등 분석

  • Kim, Eui-Gyeong (Department of Forest Environmental Resources, Gyeongsang National University, (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science)) ;
  • Kim, Bo-Kyeong (Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Hyun (Division of Global Forestry, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 김의경 (경상대학교 산림환경자원학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 김보경 (경상대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 김동현 (국립산림과학원 국제산림연구과)
  • Received : 2019.04.07
  • Accepted : 2019.06.24
  • Published : 2019.09.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of various income sources on income inequality of forestry households. Data from the Forestry Household Economy Survey from 2013-2016 were analyzed using the Gini coefficient decomposition method via income source. In particular, the income inequality analysis of forestry households was broken down into separate analyses based on group, i.e., the whole of forestry households and the five income quintile classes. The results of the analyses showed that income inequality of forestry households is primarily affected by forestry and nonforestry incomes and income quintile class. Moreover, income inequality of the highest income quintile class was largely affected by forestry income compared with other sources of income, whereas that of other income quintile classes was largely affected by nonforestry income. Therefore, in order to reduce income inequality in forestry households, it is necessary to increase the proportion of forestry income in the lower four quintile classes. Given that the income of the lowest quintile class is negative, it is necessary to devise ways to improve the proportion and quantity of forestry income. At the same time, as forestry income increases, a policy alternative is also required to improve inequality in forestry income.

이 연구의 목적은 임가의 소득원이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 2013년부터 2016년까지 임가경제조사 데이터를 이용하여 소득원천별 지니계수 분해법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 구체적으로는 임가의 소득불평등도 분석은 임가 전체와 5개의 소득분위 계층별로 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석결과를 보면 임가의 소득불평등에 주로 영향을 미치는 소득은 임업소득과 임업 외 소득으로 나타났으며, 분위별로는 최상위 소득계층의 소득불평등은 임업소득의 영향력이 다른 소득원에 비해 크게 나타난 반면, 그 외의 분위에 속하는 임가에서는 임업 외 소득의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 임가의 소득증대를 위해서는 최상위 계층을 제외한 다른 계층에서의 임업소득에 대한 비중을 증대시킬 필요가 있으며, 최하위 소득계층의 임업소득이 부채상태인 점을 감안할 때, 이를 개선시킬 수 있는 방안의 강구도 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 동시에 임가의 소득불평등을 개선하기 위해서는 임가소득이 증대될수록 임업소득의 불평등을 개선하기 위한 정책적 대안이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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