The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Pathogenic Diversity of Ascochyta rabiei Isolates and Identification of Resistance Sources in Core Collection of Chickpea Germplasm

  • Farahani, Somayeh (Department of Plant Protection, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Talebi, Reza (Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Maleki, Mojdeh (Department of Plant Protection, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Mehrabi, Rahim (Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology) ;
  • Kanouni, Homayoun (Kordestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO))
  • Received : 2018.12.23
  • Accepted : 2019.05.17
  • Published : 2019.08.01
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Abstract

Ascochyta blight caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. (Telomorph: Didymella rabiei) (Kov.) is one of the most important fungal diseases in chickpea worldwide. Knowledge about pathogen aggressiveness and identification resistance sources to different pathotypes is very useful for proper decisions in breeding programs. In this study, virulence of 32 A. rabiei isolates from different part of Iran were analyzed on seven chickpea differentials and grouped into six races based on 0-9 rating scale and susceptibility/resistant pattern of chickpea differentials. The least and most frequent races were race V and race I, respectively. Race V and VI showed highly virulence on most of differential, while race I showed least aggressiveness. Resistance pattern of 165 chickpea genotypes also were tested against six different A. rabiei races. ANOVA analysis showed high significant difference for isolate, chickpea genotypes and their interactions. Overall $chickpea{\times}isolate$ (race) interactions, 259 resistance responses (disease severity ${\leq}4$) were identified. Resistance spectra of chickpea genotypes showed more resistance rate to race I (49.70%) and race III (35.15%), while there were no resistance genotypes to race VI. Cluster analysis based on disease severity rate, grouped chickpea genotypes into four distinct clusters. Interactions between isolates or races used in this study, showed the lack of a genotype with complete resistance. Our finding for virulence pattern of A. rabiei and newly identified resistance sources could be considerably important for integration of ascochyta blight resistance genes into chickpea breeding programs and proper decision in future for germplasm conservation and diseases management.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Principal component analysis (A) and UNJ-based cluster analysis (B) of 32 A. rabiei isolates tested on seven chickpea differentials for disease severity rating 0-9.

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Fig. 2. Cluster analysis of chickpea genotypes based on mean disease severity data against six Ascochyta rabiei races. Note that 165 chickpea genotypes grouped in four distinct clusters.

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Fig. 3. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 165 chickpea genotypes based on mean disease severity data against six Ascochyta rabiei races.

Table 1. Analysis of variance of the interaction between chickpea differential cultivars and Ascochyta rabiei isolates under greenhouse conditions

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Table 2. Disease reaction and pathogenicity test of 32 Ascochyta rabiei isolates of chickpea differentials

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Table 3. Analysis of variance of the interaction between 165 chickpea genotypes and six Ascochyta rabiei isolates under greenhouse conditions

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Table 4. Means of chickpea genotypes response to different Ascochyta rabiei races in four clusters

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