Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
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A Study on the Planting Records of Needle Fir in Gwangneung

광릉 전나무 식재기록에 관한 고찰

  • Received : 2019.04.30
  • Accepted : 2019.06.17
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The study was done to analyze the records of planting time of Gwangneung needle firs referring to the historical literatures, the Annals of Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄), Seungjeongwonilgi(承政院日記: Journal of the Royal Secretariat). Bibyeonsadeungnok(備邊司謄錄: Records of the Bibyeonsa Defense Council, a government agency during the Joseon Dynasty), Ilseongnok(日省錄: Journal on Dynasty affairs of the kings in the 36th year of Youngjo to 1910) to lay the historical ground for needle firs in Gwangneung. The following results were derived from previous research, Report on Gwangneung Forest Ecosystem, and overlaid fir tree rings. The research findings are as follow. First, since the system of making the grave is the most conservative system, the planting during the Gwangneung construction would have been preceded by precedent. Second, the problem of cutting the tree in the late Joseon Dynasty became serious. It is published the Law of Muo In the 22nd year of Jeongjo, and then planted trees regularly in spring and autumn. Third, the Law of Muo was preserved for 31 years during the reign of King Gojong, and the type of specific tree, the number of trees, from the 22nd year until the 25th year of King Gojong, four years of fir trees were planted in Gwangneung, and Gwangneung was the only place where korean pine trees were planted. Fourth, it was possible to identify the age of the tree through fallen fir tree rings, and the period of planting fir trees growing in the existing mausoleum is judged to be the equivalent year of King Gojong's reign from the 10th year of King Cheoljong's reign.

본 연구는 고문헌을 통하여 광릉 전나무 식재의 사적 근거를 밝히고자 "조선왕조실록(朝鮮王朝實錄)", "승정원일기(承政院日記)", "비변사등록(備邊司謄錄)", "일성록(日省錄)" 등의 식재기록을 분석하였다. 선행 연구와 산림생태조사 및 도복된 전나무 연륜을 통하여 현재 광릉 전나무의 수령을 추정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 능제는 가장 보수적인 체제로 광릉 조성 과정 중 식재는 전례에 따라 이루어졌을 것이다. 건원릉을 시작으로 능침수목 식재기록을 통하여 소나무, 잣나무, 버드나무가 식재되었던 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 조선후기 능침 작벌 문제가 심각해지자 정조 22년 무오년 수교가 반포되었으며, 이후 봄 가을로 정기 식재가 이루어졌다. 정조 23년 기록을 통하여 조성 및 관리 연한이 오래된 9개 능을 대상으로 식재 주수를 파악할 수 있었으며, 광릉에는 잣나무와 잡목이 식재되었다. 셋째, 무오년 수교가 고종 치세 31년간 지켜지고 있으며, 예조별단을 통해 구체적인 식재 수종, 식재 장소, 식재 주수를 확인할 수 있었다. 고종 22년부터 25년까지 4년간 광릉에는 지속적으로 전나무가 식재되었으며 잣나무를 식재한 곳은 광릉이 유일하였다. 넷째, 도복된 전나무 연륜을 통하여 수령 파악이 가능했으며, 현존 광릉 전나무 식재 시기는 철종 10년 이후부터 고종 연간으로 판단하였다.

Keywords

HJOHBR_2019_v37n2_11_f0001.png 이미지

Figure 1. A 126 Years Old Needle Fir in the Forest Museum(1985)

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Figure 2. The Needle Fir with a Diameter of more than 100cm(2019)

Table 1. A Planting Records of Royal Tombs[22]

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Table 2. The Records of Planting in the Reign of King Jeongjo

HJOHBR_2019_v37n2_11_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. A Planting Records of King Gojong's Reign

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Table 4. The Records of Planting in the Reign of King Gojong

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Table 5. The Number of Trees by the Site

HJOHBR_2019_v37n2_11_t0005.png 이미지

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