Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Effects of inbreeding depression on litter size of Korean native pig

국내 품종 재래돼지 산자수에 대한 근친퇴화 효과

  • Kim, Young-Sin (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Kyu-Ho (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Jin (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-A (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Eun-Seok (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Joon-Ki (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김영신 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 조규호 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 이미진 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 김정아 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 조은석 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 홍준기 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원)
  • Received : 2019.04.18
  • Accepted : 2019.06.07
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The reduction in performance due to inbreeding (i.e. inbreeding depression) has long been documented in plant and animal populations. The population of Korean native pigs are small and this breed is valuable in Korea.. This study was aimed to investigate effects of inbreeding depression on total number of piglets born (TNB) and number of piglets born alive (NBA) in Korean native pigs. We used 2,806 pedigree and 303 sows's data with 483 phenotypic records. After estimating genetic parameters for each traits, inbreeding depression was estimated using a mixed model in which the inbreeding coefficient was included as a covariate. Korean native pigs had high heritability for each traits. Inbreeding coefficient constantly increased from 1998 to 2017~2018 but there is no reduction for each traits in 2017~2018 in compared with those in 1998. Significant inbreeding depression was detected for TNB (p=0.03) but not for NBA (p=0.41). In addition there are significantly positive interactions between inbreeding coefficient and breeding value for both traits (p<0.05). These results suggest that Korean native pigs are still having genetic variation for TNB and NBA, which could overcome reproductive risks from inbreeding coefficient increase.

근친에 따른 개체의 능력저하 현상은 다양한 식물과 동물에서 밝혀져 왔다. 재래돼지는 국내 유일 품종이며 소규모 집단으로 유지되고 있어 국가차원에서 중요한 유전자원이다. 본 연구의 목적은 총산자수와 생존산자수에 대한 근교계수, 유전모수 및 근친퇴화 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 국립축산과학원에서 보유한 재래돼지 혈통 2,806두와 483개(1~5산차)의 번식성적을 보유한 모돈 303두의 자료를 활용하였다. 각 형질에 대한 유전모수 추정 후 혼합모형으로 근교계수에 대한 근친퇴화 효과를 분석하였다. 유전모수 추정결과, 총산자수와 생존산자수는 고도의 유전력을 유지하였다. 근교계수는 1998년에서 2017~2018년까지 꾸준히 증가하였으나, 각 형질에 대해 1998년 대비 2017~2018년의 능력감소는 확인되지 않았다. 근교계수 증가에 따라 총산자수의 유의적인 근친퇴화(p=0.03)가 확인되었지만, 생존산자수에서는 유의적인 근친퇴화가 없었다(p=0.41). 또한 두 형질 모두 근교계수와 육종가의 긍정적 상호작용이 확인되었다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과, 재래돼지 산자수에 대한 근친퇴화 효과가 일부 확인되었지만, 세대가 지남에 따라 명확한 표현형 감소는 확인되지 않았다. 이는 현재까지 높은 유전효과로 근친퇴화를 극복할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_514_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Inbreeding coefficients, phenotypic and genetic trend per 2 years in Korean native pigs

Table 1. Pedigree structure and Inbreeding coefficients (F) in Korea native pigs

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_514_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Genetic parameters1 (standard deviation) for total number of piglets born (TNB) and number of piglets born alive (NBA) in Korean native pigs

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_514_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Estimates of inbreeding depression for total number of piglets born (TNB) and number of piglets born alive (NBA) in Korean native pigs

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_514_t0003.png 이미지

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