Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Forest Vegetation Structure in Maruguem (the Ridge Line) Area of Gitdaebaegibong to Jukryeong, Baekdudaegan

백두대간(깃대배기봉-죽령 구간) 마루금 주변의 산림식생구조

  • Received : 2019.01.18
  • Accepted : 2019.05.22
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze forest vegetation structure in the Marugeum (Ridge) area of Gitdaebaegibong to Jukryeong, Baekdudaegan. Data were collected in 298 quadrates through a Braun-Blanquet vegetation survey from April, 2018 to October, 2018. Forest vegetation was classified into 13 vegetation units. A Quercus mongolica community was divided into Morus bombycis, Filipendula glaberrima, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Prunus maackii unit and Q. mongolica typical unit. The M. bombycis unit was further classified into a Deutzia glabrata group and M. bombycis typical group. The F. glaberrima unit was subdivided into a Veratrum oxysepalum group, Arundinella hirta group, and F. glaberrima typical group. The F. sieboldiana unit was divided into a Pinus densiflora group, Larix kaempferi group, and F. sieboliana typical group. The relationship between vegetation units and environmental factors was studied through coincidence analysis and CCA. The F. glaberrima unit (VU 6~8) was distributed by elevation above 1,200 m and other vegetation units were distributed below 1,200 m. Results of the CCA analysis showed that the F. glaberrima unit distribution is positively correlated with elevation. As a result of species diversity, the F. glaberrima unit was higher than other vegetation units. A similarity index analysis revealed that the F. sieboldiana unit (VU 9~11) was relatively homogeneous, and the M. bombycis unit (VU 1~5) and A. girta group (VU 7) were relatively heterogeneous. A detrended correspondence analysis determined that the distance between the statistical axes of the M. bombycis and F. glaberrima units was the greatest, which is consistent with the analysis of the similarity index. As a result of interspecific correlation of major woody plants, hydrophilic species were positively correlated, and a negative correlation was found between Q. mongolica and intolerant species such as P. densiflora and L. kaempferi.

본 연구는 백두대간 깃대배기봉~죽령 구간의 마루금을 대상으로 식물사회학적 식생유형분류를 실시한 후, 일치법과 CCA 분석을 통해 분류된 식생단위와 입지환경인자와의 상관관계를 파악하고, 종다양도 분석, 군락유사도와 DCA 분석을 통해 식생단위간 유사도와 군락의 통계적 거리를 고찰하며, 주요 목본 수종의 종간상관관계 분석을 통해 산림식생구조를 파악하기 위하여 2018년 4월부터 동년 10월까지 총 298개소의 산림식생조사를 실시하였다. 식생유형분류 결과, 총 13개의 식생단위로 구분되었으며 최상위 수준에서 신갈나무군락군으로 분류되었고, 신갈나무군락군은 산뽕나무군락, 터리풀군락, 쇠물푸레나무군락, 개벚지나무군락, 신갈나무전형군락으로 세분되었고, 산뽕나무군락은 물참대군과 산뽕나무전형군으로 세분되었으며, 터리풀군락은 박새군, 새군, 터리풀전형군으로 세분되었으며, 쇠물푸레나무군락은 소나무군, 일본잎갈나무군, 쇠물푸레나무전형군으로 세분되었다. 물참대군은 다시 가래나무소군, 황벽나무소군, 말발도리소군, 물참대전형군으로 세분되었다. 입지환경인자와 일치법과 CCA를 통한 상관관계 분석 결과, 해발고도에서 터리풀군락(식생단위 6~8)은 1,200 m 이상에서 분포하는 것으로 나타났고, 그 외 식생단위에서는 1,200 m 이하에 분포하는 것으로 나타났으며, CCA 분석 결과에서도 터리풀군락은 해발고도와 양의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 종다양도 분석 결과, 터리풀군락이 종다양도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 군락유사도 결과, 쇠물푸레나무군락(식생단위 9~11)의 유사도가 상대적으로 동질하게 나타났으며, 산뽕나무군락(식생단위 1~5)과 새군(식생단위 7)은 상대적으로 이질적인 것으로 나타났다. DCA 분석 결과에서도 산뽕나무군락과 터리풀군락의 통계적 축의 거리가 가장 먼 것으로 나타나 군락유사도 분석 결과와 일치하는 경향을 보였다. 주요 목본 수종의 종간상관관계 분석 결과, 친수성 수종간에는 양의 상관관계가 인정되었고, 참나무류인 신갈나무와 양수인 소나무, 일본잎갈나무 등은 음의 상관관계가 인정되었다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. The Location of study sites of Gitdaebaegibong to Jukryeong in Baekdudaegan.

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Figure 2. Relationship between vegetation units and environmental factors (a: Altitude, b: Slope degree, c: Bare rock, d: Height of tree layer).

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Figure 3. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) ordination diagram showing 13 vegetation units and abiotic environmental variables(Altitude; AL, Topography; TO, Bare rock; BR) against axis 1 and axis 2 (Cutoff R2: 0.200, ●: Vegetation unit 1, ♠: Vegetation unit 2, ♥: Vegetation unit 3, ◐: Vegetation unit 4, ◑: Vegetation unit 5, ☐: Vegetation unit 6, ◇: Vegetation unit 7, △: Vegetation unit 8, ■: Vegetation unit 9, ◆: Vegetation unit 10, ▲: Vegetation unit 11, ♣: Vegetation unit 12, ◈: Vegetation unit 13).

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Figure 4. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) ordination diagram showing 13 vegetation units and biotic environmental variables(Coverage of tree layer: CT, Coverage of herb layer: CH, Height of tree layer: HT, Height of subtree layer: HST, DBH of tree layer: DT, DBH of subtree layer: DST, Number of present species: PS) against axis 1 and axis 2 (Cutoff R2: 0.200, ●: Vegetation unit 1, ♠: Vegetation unit 2, ♥: Vegetation unit 3, ◐: Vegetation unit 4, ◑: Vegetation unit 5, ☐: Vegetation unit 6, ◇: Vegetation unit 7, △: Vegetation unit 8, ■: Vegetation unit 9, ◆: Vegetation unit 10, ▲: Vegetation unit 11, ♣: Vegetation unit 12, ◈: Vegetation unit 13).

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Figure 5. Values of species diversity indices in each vegetation units.

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Figure 6. DCA(detrended correspondence analysis) ordination of vegetation units(●: Vegetation unit 1, ♠: Vegetation unit 2, ♥: Vegetation unit 3, ◐: Vegetation unit 4, ◑: Vegetation unit 5, ☐: Vegetation unit 6, ◇: Vegetation unit 7, △: Vegetation unit 8, ■: Vegetation unit 9, ◆: Vegetation unit 10, ▲: Vegetation unit 11, ♣: Vegetation unit 12, ◈: Vegetation unit 13).

Table 2. Community coefficient of similarity in each vegetation units.

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Table 1. Differentiated constancy table of forest vegetation.

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Table 3. Pearson’s product-moment correlation between all pair wise combinations of major woody species.

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