KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Effects of Overwintering Disease Prevention in Korean Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by an Agronomical Control Measure in Paddy Field

논 재배 인삼의 월동병해 발생경감을 위한 경종적 처리효과

  • Seong, Bong-Jae (Ginseng & Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extention Service) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Ick (Ginseng & Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extention Service) ;
  • Lee, Ka-Soon (Ginseng & Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extention Service) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ho (Ginseng & Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extention Service) ;
  • Kang, Yun Kyu (Dept. of Food Crops, Korea National College of Agriculture & Fisheries) ;
  • Cho, Jin-Woong (Dept, of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 성봉재 (충청남도 농업기술원 인삼약초연구소) ;
  • 김선익 (충청남도 농업기술원 인삼약초연구소) ;
  • 이가순 (충청남도 농업기술원 인삼약초연구소) ;
  • 김현호 (충청남도 농업기술원 인삼약초연구소) ;
  • 강윤규 (한국농수산대학 식량작물학과) ;
  • 조진웅 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 식물자원학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.02
  • Accepted : 2019.04.25
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to develop and prove the effects of an agronomical pest control measure on ginseng cultivated by direct seeding in paddy field, and the results obtained are as follows. Decomposition of ginseng in field during overwintering was due to gray mold rot caused by Botrytis cinerea, which occurred in October or November of 2016 and intensified in February and March the following year. The occurrence rate of gray mold rot based on shading materials was 6.5%, 16.8%, and 29.5% with light-proof paper, PE shade net, and rice straw shade, respectively. The initial infection occurred in the leaves prior to wintering and secondary infection occurred in the stems after wintering. The rate of screrotium formation by gray mold in the above-ground parts of ginseng tended to increase: 26.6% on October 20, 33.7% in November 20, and 41.8% on December 20. The force needed to remove the leaves and stems from withered ginseng was 0.2, 0.94, 2.5, and 5 kg for 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4- and 5-year holds; the force required was 1 kg after wintering, making it relatively easy to remove. The disease incidence rate after the removal of leaves and stems was 2.5%, 1.2%, and 2.2% in 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old plants, respectively, and a disease high incidence rate of 8.8%, 13.0%, and 18.2%, respectively, was seen when the leaves and stems were not removed. In both transplanting and direct seeding, the miss-planted rate decreased and the germination rate increased when shading material was removed and the surface of ridge was covered with soil or vinyl.

본 연구는 논 직파재배 인삼포에서 발생되는 월동병해의 경종적 방제기술 개발과 효과를 구명하기 위하여 실험하였던 바, 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 인삼포장의 월동기간동안에 발생하는 부패의 원인은 Botrytis cinerea 균에 의한 잿빛곰팡이병으로, 10월이나 11월에 발생되며 이듬해 2, 3월에 집중적으로 발생하는 경향을 보였다. 해가림 자재별 잿빛곰팡이병 발생은 차광지 해가림에서 6.5%, PE차광망은 16.8% 및 볏짚 해가림자재는 29.5% 순으로 발생하였고, 잿빛곰팡이병균의 감염은 월동 전에 잎에 감염되고, 이후 줄기로 2차감염이 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다. 인삼 지상부의 잿빛곰팡이병 균핵형성은 10월 20일에 26.6%, 11월 20일에 33.7%, 12월 20일에는 41.8%로 증가되는 경향이었다. 고사한 인삼의 잎과 줄기를 제거하는데 필요한 힘은 1, 2년생은 각각 0.2 kg, 0.94 kg, 3년생은 2.5 kg, 4년생 및 5년생은 5 kg의 많은 힘이 필요하였고, 월동 후에는 1 kg 내외로 쉽게 탈락되어 제거가 가능하였다. 년생별로 잎과 줄기 제거 후 병 발생율은 4, 5, 6년생에서 각각 2.5%, 1.2% 및 2.2% 의 병 발생주율을 보인 반면, 무제거시에는 8.8%, 13.0% 및 18.2%의 높은 병 발생주율을 보였다. 이식재배포장과 직파재배포장 모두 해가림자재를 걷어 놓은 경우, 두둑상면에 복토나 비닐을 피복한 경우 결주율이 감소되고, 출아본수는 증가하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Gray mold incidence rate in ginseng by growth year and month.

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Fig. 2. Gray mold incidence rate in 4-year-old ginseng depending on shade materials. TBTBPN; two-layered blue and two-layered black polyethylene nets, RS; rice straw, BPSS; blue PE sheet.

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Fig. 3. Screrotium formation rate in 4-year-old ginseng stem after wintering.

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Fig. 4. Disease incidence rate when the leaves and stems of ginseng were removed.

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Fig. 5. Growth of 5-year-old ginseng by transplanting cultivation according to the method of furrow management after removing shade materials.

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Fig. 6. Growth of 4-year-old ginseng by direct seeding cultivation according to the method of furrow management after removing shade materials.

Table 1. Emergence number and miss-planted rate with the removal of shading materials.

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Table 2. Percentage of pathogenic isolates from 4-year-old ginseng stem after wintering.

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Table 3. Screrotium formation rate of gray mold on soil surface.

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Table 4. Removal tension of ginseng stem in the growing season.

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